Quality of service based value-added services in IP networks necessitate the use of traffic engineering. The latter relies typically on monitoring data for both offline, proactive and dynamic, reactive solutions. A monitoring system should be scalable in terms of network size, speed and number of customers subscribed to value-added services. This article investigates the requirements of scalabl...

The purpose of this research is to find out the results financial performance based on method Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market (MVA) in companies pharmaceutical sub-sector 2016-2020. type used descriptive quantitative, with variable (MVA). population are listed IDX. sample selection purposive sampling technique seven were selected that met criteria set by researcher. show there four whose ...

e-commerce that has undergone an increasing trend in recent years has been regarded as the modern method for transfer of information and economic exchange.   this phenomenon brings about massive changes in most of relations between various economic institutions. such changes have also occurred in tax systems. hence, the present research aims to investigate effect of e-commerce on tax structure ...

the purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between the intellectual capital of firms and their earnings quality. the research was conducted with 158 accepted companies and 948 firm-year observations from iran stock market. empirical studies were conducted based on hypothesis by value added intellectual coefficient as measures of intellectual capital and taking absolute value of...