3D kinematic systems based on the images acquired by cameras are one of the most popular tools for a human motion analyses. Prior to the actual reconstruction a camera calibration procedure is needed. Originally 3D calibration cages were utilized for that purpose, but nowadays a vast majority of commercial systems rely on the wand calibration. When the highest degree of accuracy is requested, t...

In optimal control problems, there exist different kinds of extremals, that is, curves candidates to be solution: abnormal, normal and strictly abnormal. The key point for this classification is how those extremals depend on the cost function. We focus on control systems such as nonholonomic control mechanical systems and the associated kinematic systems as long as they are equivalent. With all...

Majority of industrial robots are controlled by a simple independent joint control of joint actuators rather than complex controllers based on the nonlinear dynamic model of the robot manipulator. In this independent joint control scheme, the performance of actuator control is influenced significantly by the joint disturbance torques including gravity, Coriolis and centrifugal torques, which re...

Multi-species kinematic flow models lead to strongly coupled, nonlinear systems of firstorder, spatially one-dimensional conservation laws. The number of unknowns (the concentrations of the species) may be arbitrarily high. Models of this class include a multi-species generalization of the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards traffic model [4] and a model for the sedimentation of polydisperse suspensions...

A new kinematic design methodology is presented for optimization of spherical serial mechanisms. First, a new index, combining global manipulability and the uniformity of manipulability over the workspace, is presented to improve the synthesis results. This method integrates multiple criteria (workspace size, the new manipulability index, and mechanism size) linearly in one objective function. ...

The kinematic mapping x = f(&thetas;) is generally many to one. For nonredundant manipulators, this means that there are a finite number of configurations (joint angles) that will place the end-effector at a target location in the workspace. These correspond to postures of the manipulator, and each configuration lies on a specific solution branch. It is shown that for certain classes of revolut...

The robot kinematic mapping x = f() generally has multiple distinct solution branches fjf() = x d g for a given end{eeector location x d , where each branch can have a nontrivial manifold structure (as in the case of a redundant manipulator). Learning techniques which exploit known topological properties of the mapping are used to determine the number and nature of these branches. Speciically, ...

The solution of the inverse kinematic problem is of the utmost importance in robotic manipulator control. This article proposes a closed-loop scheme for solving the inverse kinematic problem for nonredundant and redundant wrists based on the computation of the Jacobian transpose. The manipulability measure is suitably introduced as a constraint for redundant wrists, by taking advantage of the n...

This work proposes a solution for the longitudinal and lateral control problem of urban autonomous vehicles using a gain scheduling LPV control approach. Using the kinematic and dynamic vehicle models, a linear parameter varying (LPV) representation is adopted and a cascade control methodology is proposed for controlling both vehicle behaviours. In particular, for the control design, the use of...

In this paper we describe an on-line solution for avoiding the occurrence of both algorithmic and kinematic singularities in task-priority based kinematic controllers of robotic manipulators. The proposed approach uses a secondary task correction and a successive task projection in order to maintain the measure of manipulability of the correspondent space augmentation approach over a minimum va...