Despite high predation pressure, planktonic copepods remain one of the most abundant groups on the planet. Their escape response provides one of most effective mechanisms to maximize evolutionary fitness. Owing to their small size (100 µm) compared with their predators (>1 mm), increasing viscosity is believed to have detrimental effects on copepods' fitness at lower temperature. Using high-spe...

NASA/TM—2013-217850 1 ∆t∗ nondimensional time step, ∆t/(L/V0) kinetic energy dissipation rate 1 kinetic energy dissipation rate computed from deviatoric strain rate 3 kinetic energy dissipation rate computed from pressure dilatation κ angular wave number μ kinematic viscosity ν spectroscopic wave number ωi vorticity vector Ω volume ρ density σ filter damping coefficient τij stress tensor ζ enst...

Studies on the exploration of alternate fuels obtained from renewable sources of energy to supplement conventional fossil fuels are being carried out throughout the world. The edible and non edible oils are being tried to either supplement or to replace diesel as fuel in CI engines. India is the net importer of edible oils and, therefore, emphasis is being laid to explore the possibility of usi...

We perform numerical experiments with a novel cellularautomaton fluid model. The model has simple pair-interaction rules and works in arbitrarily many dimensions; here we consider the twodimensional case. By observing the smoothing-out of the velocity profile of a shear flow and the relaxation of a shear wave, we measure the kinematic shear viscosity and obtain a value of :::::: 0.5. To demonst...

this study is concerned with the viability of producing biodiesel from waste beef bone fat and evaluate this product according to the quality requirements defined by astm d- 6751. accordingly, beef bone fat was heated to remove the moisture under vacuum at 60 . alkaline catalysed transesterfication was carried out by  using 6:1 molar ratio of ethanol to fat in the presence of 1% w/w sodium hydr...

The self-excitation of magnetic field by a spiral Couette flow between two coaxial cylinders is considered. We solve numerically the fully nonlinear, three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations for magnetic Prandtl numbers P(m) (ratio of kinematic viscosity to magnetic diffusivity) between 0.14 and 10 and kinematic and magnetic Reynolds numbers up to about 2000. In the initial stage o...

Anomalous dissipation of energy in three dimensional turbulence is one of the basic statements of physical theory [55]. It has been verified experimentally to a large degree [75], but not mathematically. The statement is about the average behavior of the energy dissipation rate = ν〈|∇u|〉 as ν → 0. Here ν is kinematic viscosity, u is the velocity (assumed to have mean zero), ∇ are spatial gradie...