introduction: recognition and implementation of knowledge management have an important effect on improving the quality of hospital activities. according to the direct relationship with the society’s health, health and treatment departments need knowledgeable and skillful staff. thus, this research investigated different dimensions of the knowledge management processes in teaching hospitals of s...

Paradigm shift in language education has caused many countries including Iran to reshuffle their public EFL educational program. However, such a promising trend in Iran has entailed serious challenges, which necessitated this study aimed at collecting data from 70 teachers and 70 students to investigate the CLT challenges in terms of both teachers' pedagogical and assessment areas. A Partial Le...

In recent years there has been a great deal of work within the Joint Committee on Higher Medical Training (JCHMT), the Royal Colleges and medical education in general to investigate and implement new methods of assessment. A successful pilot study of three methods of performance assessment for specialist registrars (SpRs) was completed by the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) in 2004 and these ...

IELTS preparation courses have gained significant popularity in Iran in the past decade. Although teachers in such an exam-oriented context have started to use formative assessment to improve their writing instruction, their knowledge and beliefs about assessment for learning are still a myth. This mixed-methods study investigated Iranian IELTS teachers’ beliefs and knowledge about the four mai...