Breast cancer is the commonest females’ cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. There have been several factors implicated to the etiology of breast cancer, which differ for different geographical locations. The aim of this review was to discuss the most important etiological factors available in the literature with its possible association in the Kingdom of Saudi Araba (KSA). A...

SETTING National Tuberculosis Program, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). OBJECTIVE To summarize data on the incidence of tuberculosis and associated risk factors for cases reported during 2010-2011. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of routinely collected data through an established national disease notification system of the Ministry of Health in K...

The RC4 stream cipher has been designed by Ron Rivest for RSA Data Security in 1987, and was a propriety algorithm until 1994. Currently, RC4 is extremely popular in commercial domain and widely used in network protocols such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), Transport Layer Security (TLS), Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) etc. RC4 uses an S-Box S = (S[0], . . . , S[N −...

OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem worldwide, and it is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). New recommendations for the diagnosis of diabetes have changed the epidemiology of DM. Therefore, we designed this study with the objective to determine the prevalence of DM among Saudis of both sexes, between the ages of 30-70-years in rural as well as u...

Biosurfactants are surface –active amphipathic molecules produced by a plethora of microorganisms. The aim of the present study was production of biosurfactants from some bacterial isolates for bioremediation of crude oil spills. Twenty five bacterial isolates were isolated from twenty crude oil contaminated soils located in repairing cars stations in Khorma governorate,Taif, Kingdom of Saudi A...

We review the past, present and future state of mental health care in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The past is reviewed prior to the modern era, discussing early explanations and treatments for mental health illness up through the establishment of the first mental hospital in the 1950s, tracking advances in mental health care over the past 60 years. The present is explored in terms of the...

The reversed gender achievement gap in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) favor girls developed a societal environment that still predominantly favors men. finding illustrates how equity gaps at higher systemic levels may not translate seamlessly to lower levels. We propose this lack correspondence between regarding can be explained by fact more exogenous learning resources (educational capital)...

Entrepreneurship plays a significant role in achieving the national agenda and development of nations. The leadership Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) pays attention to entrepreneurship by supporting Vision 2030 its programs, e.g., National Transformation Program Human Capability Development Program. current research examines effects orientation on intentions among agriculture food sciences graduates...

INTRODUCTION Data on obesity from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are nonexistent, making it impossible to determine whether the efforts of the Saudi Ministry of Health are having an effect on obesity trends. To determine obesity prevalence and associated factors in the KSA, we conducted a national survey on chronic diseases and their risk factors. METHODS We interviewed 10,735 Saudis aged ...