PURPOSE To develop a set of conversion factors from dose length product (DLP) to effective dose (E) for pediatric and adult reference individuals undergoing computed tomography (CT) examinations. METHODS This study used 12 hybrid computational phantoms representing reference pediatric and adult individuals in compliance with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) refer...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this phantom study was to minimize the radiation dose by finding the best combination of low tube current and low voltage that would result in accurate volume measurements when compared to standard CT imaging without significantly decreasing the sensitivity of detecting lung nodules both with and without the assistance of CAD. METHODS An anthropomorphic chest phantom con...

Despite the use of multimodal treatments incorporating surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, local control of gliomas remains a major challenge. The potential of a new treatment approach called indirect radio-chemo-beta therapy using the synergy created by combining methotrexate (MTX) with bromodeoxyuridine (BrUdR) under optimum energy x-ray irradiation is assessed. 9L rat gliosarcoma cells p...

OBJECTIVE to study various phosphors used in detectors of medical imaging systems by the gain transfer function (GTF), defined in terms of X-ray luminescence efficiency, light spectrum and modulation transfer function. MATERIALS AND METHODS four phosphor materials, La(2)O(2)S:Tb, Y(2)O(2)S:Tb, Y(2)O(2)S:Eu and Y(2)O(3):Eu were used in the form of fluorescent layers prepared in the laboratory....

Abstract Background To study radiation dose, image quality and low-contrast cylinder detectability from multislice CT (MSCT) abdomen by using low tube voltage the American College of Radiology (ACR) phantom. The ACR phantom (low-contrast module) was scanned with 64 MSCT scanner (Brilliance, Philips Medical System, Eindhoven, Netherlands) 80 120 KVP, utilizing different current time product (mAs...

During Computed Tomography (CT) scan examinations, it is important to ensure a good diagnosis by providing the maximum information detect pathologies and this can be done with reduced dose. In respect, several methods of dose reduction have been studied evaluated. This work investigates effect tube voltage while varying current on image quality radiation at Chest CT examination. study was condu...

Dual energy CT (DECT) was conceived at the very beginning of the computed tomography era. However the first DECT scanner was developed in 2006. Nowadays there are three different types of DECT available: dual-source CT with 80(100) kVp and 140 kVp tubes (Siemens Medical Solution); dual-layer multi-detector scanner with acquisition 120 or 140kVp (Philips Healthcare); CT unit with one rapid kVp s...

We investigate the ability of high spatial resolution (∼120 μm) Ge-doped SiO2 TL dosimeters to measure photoelectron dose enhancement resulting from the use of a moderate to high-Z target (an iodinated contrast media) irradiated by 90 kVp X-rays. We imagine its application in a novel radiation synovectomy technique, modelled by a phantom containing a reservoir of I2 molecules at the interface o...

UNLABELLED This article pioneers a study into the influence of the high-Z component of nanoparticles on the efficacy of radioprotection some nanoparticles offer to exposed cells irradiated with X-rays. We reveal a significant decrease in the radioprotection efficacy for cells exposed to CeO2 nanoparticles and irradiated with 10 MV and 150 kVp X-rays. In addition, analysis of the 150 kVp surviva...