background: silicon hydrogel bandage contact lenses are used to enhance epithelial healing, control surface-generated pain, and prevent epithelial erosions after refractive surgery. considering the importance of faster reepithelialization in preventing complications of photorefractive keratectomy (prk) and the fact that the features and specifications of these commercially-available lenses are ...

the salient, and often ignored, role that out-of-class learning plays in second/foreign language (l2) learners’ development is overshadowed by classroom research. the main aim of this study is to problematize the role of out-of-class learning in the specific english-as-foreign-language (efl) context of iran by examination of the ways in which four learners attempted to revamp their english lang...

audiovisual material accompanied by interlingual subtitles is a powerful pedagogical tool which can help improve the vocabulary learning of second-language learners. this study was intended to determine whether or not the mode (standard and reversed) of subtitling affects the incidental vocabulary acquisition of iranian l2 learners while watching tv programs. forty-five participants were random...

in an effort to expand the disciplinary discussions on transfer in l2 writing and because most studies have focused on transfer as reuse and not as an adequate adaptation of writing knowledge in new contexts, the present study as the first of its kind aimed to explore the issue of adaptive transfer in an english for general academic purposes (egap) writing course. the study thus focused on type...

abstract the role of l1 in second/foreign language learning has been the subject of much debate and controversy. this article reports on a piece of research carried out in a junior high school in isfahan, iran. this study was conducted to examine the effect of using translation from l1 to l2 on the improvement of efl learners' language accuracy. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 62 stud...

the effect of geometry and material of the micro/nano particle on contact mechanic for manipulation was studied in this work based on atomic force microscopy. hertz contact model simulation for eph biological micro particle with spherical, cylindrical, and circular crowned roller shape was used to investigate the effect of geometry on contact simulation process in manipulation. then, to validat...

EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs 1 268855128 527448 9598 11925 268855128 522745 5 11721 268855128 523571

PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs 1 463592

This study examined the interrelationships of first language (L1) literacy, second language (L2) proficiency, and L2 reading comprehension with 246 Chinese college students learning English. L1 literacy and L2 proficiency were measured with college admission exams in Chinese and English. L2 reading comprehension was measured with the reading comprehension section of a TOEFL and a researcher-dev...