Filamentous actinomycetes are commercially widely used as producers of natural products. However, the mycelial lifestyle of actinomycetes has been a major bottleneck in their commercialization, and screening is difficult due to their poor growth on microtiter plates. We previously demonstrated that the enhanced expression of the cell division activator protein SsgA results in the fragmented gro...

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) photons can cause substantial cellular damage in biomolecules, as is well established for DNA. Because RNA has the same absorption spectrum for UV as DNA, we have investigated damage to this cellular constituent. In maize (Zea mays) leaves, UV-B radiation damages ribosomes by crosslinking cytosolic ribosomal proteins S14, L23a, and L32, and chloroplast ribosomal protein L29...

Resistance to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV; Genus Potyvirus; Family Potyviridae) is controlled by single dominant genes at three distinct loci, Rsv1, Rsv3 and Rsv4, in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). SMV isolates are classified into pathotypes G1 through G7 based on the differential reactions on resistant soybean cultivars. Most SMV isolated in the USA is of the G1 to G3 pathotypes. Since the cu...

Calcium (Ca⁺²) is a ubiquitous messenger in eukaryotes including Caenorhabditis. Ca⁺²-mediated signalling processes are usually carried out through well characterized proteins like calmodulin (CaM) and other Ca⁺² binding proteins (CaBP). These proteins interact with different targets and activate it by bringing conformational changes. Majority of the EF-hand proteins in Caenorhabditis contain C...

hfus3 (or hfus2) transducing phage stimulates the synthesis of 27 ribosomal proteins, elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-G, and RNA polymerase subunit (Y in ultraviolet-irradiated Escherichia roli cells (see a preceding paper, Jaskunas, S. R., Fallon, A. M., and Nomura M. (1977) .I. Bid. Chem. 252, 7323-7336). The presence of the structural genes for these proteins on the hfus3 genome was proven b...

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the CO stretch bands combined with temperature derivative spectroscopy (TDS) was used to characterize intermediate states obtained by photolysis of two sperm whale mutant myoglobins, YQR (L29(B10)Y, H64(E7)Q, T67(E10)R) and YQRF (with an additional I107(G8)F replacement). Both mutants assume two different bound-state conformations, A(0) and A(3)...

More than 100,000 interstitial segments of DNA (internal eliminated sequences [IESs]) are excised from the genome during the formation of a new macronucleus in Euplotes crassus. IESs include unique sequence DNA as well as two related families of transposable elements, Tec1 and Tec2. Here we describe a new class of E. crassus transposons, Tec3, which is present in 20 to 30 copies in the micronuc...

BACKGROUND The Spine Functional Index (SFI) is a patient reported outcome measure with sound clinimetric properties and clinical viability for the determination of whole-spine impairment. To date, no validated Turkish version is available. The purpose of this study is to cross-culturally adapted the SFI for Turkish-speaking patients (SFI-Tk) and determine the psychometric properties of reliabil...