objectives: goal-directed subsidies because of its nature can affect all aspects of iranian life. this scheme is not only an economic program but also affects other aspects of social life including: welfare and economic situation of society, labor market, income, expenditure and consumption pattern models of family and social problems such as poverty and inequality, drug abuse, family problem, ...

following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. in their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. one of the most important factors is social welfare. this study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for c...

One policy making issue that needs to be addressed more effectively through an intergovernmental and participatory approach is entrepreneurship policy. Entrepreneurship is an area where interdependencies are very high, and the establishment of collaborative relationships such as networks is vital. Therefore, a network approach in the entrepreneurial policy-making process, which leads to the inv...

In this paper, we address the question of optimal wage and income dispersion in a growing economy. If already in the two-persons-case we have to deal with the fact of different marginal products of labor, there are two solutions in principle. Either two different wages are paid (at unanimous hours of working) according to these differences, or the good worker would have to work longer than the ...

Devolution appears to challenge the traditional regional and national hierarchies of the UK, but in practice the dominance of the South East of England has been maintained through active state intervention. As social welfare has increasingly been redefined through economic success and access to the labour market, the focus of social policy has shifted accordingly. In this context the South East...

While the decline in real earnings growth and increase in inequality are well documented, less is known about changes in earnings and job instability. Do workers bear more employment-related financial risks than in previous decades? Have work hours and pay become increasingly sensitive to the labor market? Have labor market risks in North America been shifted from employers to workers? Has ther...

background: in spite of science and technology developments and their application in different industries, accidents occur in many work environments. thus, this study was conducted in order to investigate factors affecting constructional accidents. materials and methods: in this descriptive study, all workers who were injured in building construction during 2009-2010 and were registered in the ...