Data from 350 herds enrolled in the Norwegian Dairy Herd Recording System (NDHRS) were used to investigate the associations between the first two cow-milk somatic cell counts (SCC) test-days' results after calving or the three last SCC test-days prior to drying off in the first lactation and the hazard ratio (HR) of clinical mastitis (CM) during the remaining first or the subsequent second lact...

introduction giant fibroadenoma is a rare disease with unknown etiology. during pregnancy, fibroadenomas increase in size and may show lactational histologic changes. high concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin promote the ductal growth and formation of tubuloalveolar structures. this may be a reason for the significant enlargement in this period. case presentation we presented...

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of age of cows, i.e. subsequent lactation and stage of lactation, on bioactive whey protein content in milk of dairy cows of six primary breeds kept in Poland. In all cases the significant correlations between lactoferrin concentration in milk and stage of lactation was stated. Its content gradually increased with the course of lactation but the ...

Information on the presence or absence of bacterial infections and abnormal secretions in each quarter of cows in their initial survey on the New York State Veterinary College Mastitis Program was used to obtain several criteria of udder infection. Year-season and stage of lactation effects were statistically significant for several criteria of infection in first, second, and later lactation gr...

BACKGROUND Adolescent mothers may be at increased risk of irreversible bone loss during pregnancy and lactation, particularly when calcium intake is low. OBJECTIVE Longitudinal changes in bone mass from lactation to postweaning were evaluated in 10 adolescent mothers aged 15-18 y who habitually consumed <500 mg Ca/d. DESIGN Total-body bone mineral content (TBBMC), total-body bone mineral de...

The objective of this study was to produce anti-idiotypic antibodies with bovine somatotropin (bST)-like activity by active immunization of lactating cows and to determine their effects on milk yield. Several monoclonal antibodies against bST were evaluated for their interaction with bST in a rat growth bioassay. Two bST-agonist monoclonal antibodies (1 and 2), and two bST-antagonist monoclonal...

During lactation, female small mammals frequently reduce their fat reserves to very low levels. The function of this reduction is unclear, as calculations suggest that the contribution of the withdrawn energy from fat to the total energy balance of lactation is trivial. An alternative hypothesis is that reducing fat leads to a reduction in circulating adipokines, such as leptin, that play a rol...

Estimated transmitting abilities for milk of 258,201 Holstein heifers from first lactations were regressed on sire's milk proof, maternal grandsire's milk proof, and either dam's estimated transmitting ability from milk in first lactation or dams's estimated transmitting ability from milk of all lactations. Effects of year of birth of dam, dam's estimated transmitting ability for milk from firs...

Nine sows were monitored for leukocyte subsets in mammary secretions during lactation. Using flow cytometry, percentages of monocytes/macrophages (CD45CD14), T cells (CD3), and their subpopulations (CD4, CD8 and double positive (DP) CD4CD8), and B cells (CD21) in colostrum and milk were determined. The mean percentage of CD3cells was relatively stable throughout lactation. About 40% of colostra...

Both pregnancy and lactation are associated with hyperphagia, and circulating leptin levels are elevated during pregnancy but decreased during lactation in Brandt's voles, Lasiopodomys brandtii. Previous findings suggest that impaired leptin sensitivity contributes to hyperphagia during pregnancy. The present study aimed to examine whether the decreased circulating leptin level and/or hypothala...