Establishing the general and promoter-specific mechanistic features of gene transcription initiation requires improved understanding of the sequence-dependent structural/dynamic features of promoter DNA. Experimental data suggest that a spontaneous dsDNA strand separation at the transcriptional start site is likely to be a requirement for transcription initiation in several promoters. Here, we ...

Three categories of boundary layer trips (single 2-D plain. multiple 2-D plain, and 3-D trips) were tested on the l\106-13-128, E374, and SD7037 airfoils over t he Reynolds numbers of 100,000 to 300,000. Flow visualization and drag data were acquired for a number of trip heights and locations. To facilitate comparisons between airfoils, t rips were located relative to untripped laminar separati...

The airfoil is the prime component of flying vehicles. For low-speed flights, low Reynolds number airfoils are used. characteristic a laminar separation bubble and an associated drag rise. This paper presents framework for design airfoil. contributions proposed research twofold. First, convolutional neural network (CNN) designed aerodynamic coefficient prediction airfoils. Data generation discu...

The Shortfin Mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a fast swimmer and has incredible turning agility, and has flexible scales known to bristle up to 50° in the flank regions. It is purported that this bristling capability of the scales may result in a unique pass flow control method to control flow separation and reduce drag. It appears that the scales have evolved to be only actuated when the flow...

Linear global instability of the three-dimensional (3-D), spanwise-homogeneous laminar separation bubble (LSB) induced by shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction (SBLI) in a Mach 7 flow nitrogen over $30^{\circ}-55^{\circ}$ double wedge is studied. At these conditions corresponding to freestream unit Reynolds number, $Re_1=5.2\times 10^{4}$ m$^{-1}$, exhibits rarefaction effects and comparable sh...

The interaction of several instabilities and the influence free-stream turbulence on laminar-turbulent transition a 20% thick wind-turbine blade section with laminar separation bubble (LSB) are investigated wall-resolved large-eddy simulations (LES). Turbulence intensities (TI) 0%, 2.2%, 4.5%, 8.6%, 15.6% at chord Reynolds number 105 considered. Linear receptivity occurs for most energetic dist...

The effects of cavitation on vortex dynamics in a submerged, two-dimensional, planar laminar forced jet were studied numerically. A locally homogeneous cavitation model that accounts for nonlinear bubble dynamics and bubble/bubble interactions within spherical bubble clusters was employed. The effects of varying key  ow and cavitation model parameters on  ow/cavitation interactions were inves...

Abstract Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are state of the art in aerospace industry and involved many operations. The reduced dimensions these vehicles generate very low Reynolds number conditions which separation-induced transition typically occurs. extremely large computational cost scale resolving simulations, capable capturing laminar to turbulent transition, is prohibitive for most engineerin...

The main aim of this study was to enrich glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt known as one of the main compounds of licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by isoelectric focused adsorptive bubble separation technique with different foaming agents. In the experiments, four bubble separation parameters were used with β-lactoglobulin, albumin bovine, and starch (soluble) preferred as foaming agents and...