One of the major obstacles in deploying spoken language technologies (SLTs) in the developing world is a lack of key linguistic resources – e.g. electronic dictionaries, phonetically aligned corpora, pronunciation lexicons, etc. – that describe the non-dominant varieties spoken in such countries and regions. In this paper, we describe the work of the LUPo (Portuguese Unisyn Lexicon) project to ...

We study varieties that contain unranked tree languages over all alphabets. Trees are labeled with symbols from two alphabets, an unranked operator alphabet and an alphabet used for leaves only. Syntactic algebras of unranked tree languages are defined similarly as for ranked tree languages, and an unranked tree language is shown to be recognizable iff its syntactic algebra is regular, i.e., a ...

This work investigates acoustic and perceptual differences in four language varieties by using a corpus of professional and non-professional speaking styles. The professional stimuli are composed of excerpts of broadcast news and political discourses from six subjects in each case. The non-professional stimuli are made up of recordings of 10 subjects who read a long story and narrated it subseq...

There are by now several attempts to make the theory of the field of one element F1 rigorous. In [10] the authors formalize the transition from rings to schemes on a categorial level and apply this machinery to the category of sets to obtain the category of F1-schemes as in [1]. In [3] and [5] the authors extend the definition of rings in order to capture a structure that deserves to be called ...

In an earlier work, we showed that if the Hodge conjecture holds for all complex abelian varieties of CM-type, then the Tate conjecture holds for all abelian varieties over finite fields (Milne 1999b). In this article, we extract from the proof a statement (Theorem 1.1) that sometimes allows one to deduce the Tate conjecture for the powers of a single abelian variety A over a finite field from ...

the present study is an attempt to provide a current synopsis of world englishes within globalized communities, as well as theoretical and applied feasibility of global linguistic features of english as an international language (eil). to do so, first, three main reactions against the spread of english by scholars around the world are discussed. then, the possibility of describing and teaching ...

This paper examines the ontological status of the supposedly new accent of England termed Estuary English by comparing its phonetics with those of Received pronunciation and Cockney, two varieties with which Estuary English is often compared. The paper also discusses some of the criteria that may be used to draw the boundaries between the three varieties and the potential status of Estuary Engl...

One has believed that low energy effective theories of the Higgs branch of gauged linear sigma models correspond to supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models, which have been already investigated by many works. In this paper we discuss a explicit derivation of supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models from gauged linear sigma models. In this process we construct Kähler potentials of some two-dimensiona...