The relationship between the anchorage mechanics and root architecture of Pinus peuce was investigated by carrying out winching tests and examining excavated root systems of 20 mature trees. The root system was dominated by 6.1 ± 1.3 lateral roots, more than 70% of the lateral root cross sectional area (CSA) being distributed in the uppermost 10 cm of soil. Anchorage strength was related to the...

Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) surveys are used widely in North America to assess the structural integrity of underground pipes. The video images are examined visually and classified into grades according to degrees of damage. The human eye is extremely effective at recognition and classification, but it is not suitable for assessing pipe defects in thousand of miles of pipeline images due to...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in the permanent dentition in a sample of Turkish patients who referred to the Ankara Dental Hospital for orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pre-treatment orthodontic records of 2530 patients, 1382 girls (54.62%) and 1148 boys (45.38%) between the chronological ages of 7 and...

Roots of perennial plants have both persistent portion and fast-cycling units represented by different levels of branching. In woody species, the distal nonwoody branch orders as a unit are born and die together relatively rapidly (within 1-2 years). However, whether the fast-cycling units also exist in perennial herbs is unknown. We monitored root demography of seven perennial herbs over two y...

We tested the hypothesis that rapid shadowers imitate the articulatory gestures that structure acoustic speech signals-not just acoustic patterns in the signals themselves-overcoming highly practiced motor routines and phonological conditioning in the process. In a first experiment, acoustic evidence indicated that participants reproduced allophonic differences between American English /l/ type...

Aim This study aims to investigate the root canal anatomy of human extracted permanent maxillary anterior teeth in patients reporting to our dental institution in Chennai using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods A total of 285 maxillary anterior teeth comprising of 100 central incisors, 85 lateral incisors, and 100 canines extracted from various patients reporting to ...

We compared root system morphogenesis of micropropogated transplants of Prunus cerasifera L. inoculated with either of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Glomus mosseae or Glomus intraradices or with the ericoid mycorrhizal species Hymenoscyphus ericae. All plants were grown in sand culture, irrigated with a nutrient solution that included a soluble source of phosphorus, for 75 days after tr...

Abstract Peanut improvement is limited by a narrow genetic base. However, this obstacle can be circumvented incorporating phenotypic variability from wild, diploid Arachis species through interspecific hybridizations. In study, four allotetraploid hybrids IpaCor 4 x ( A. ipaensis × correntina ) , IpaDur duranensis ), IpaSten stenosperma and ValSten valida were created morphologically characteri...