BACKGROUND Cigarettes and other tobacco-related smoking products have traditionally been a major ignition source for residential fire deaths. In the United States, all 50 states and the District of Columbia have passed laws requiring that cigarettes self-extinguish if they are not being smoked (so-called fire-safe cigarette laws). The purpose of this study was to quantify the association betwee...

In many African countries, as in other countries around the world, women suffer violence on the basis of their gender. Unfortunately, many countries lack legislation that provide effective protections against gender-based violence. Evidence from Nigeria, including the passage of new legislation at federal and state levels, suggests some progress. How effective such laws will be is yet to be see...

Abstract. Openness to international trade and adopting stringent antitrust laws are both ways that countries can curb anticompetitive behavior. But scholars have long debated the relationship between these two tools. Some have argued that greater trade openness makes antitrust unnecessary, while others have argued that antitrust laws are still needed to realize the benefits of trade liberalizat...

Soaring medical costs and the mounting pressure for cost containment have inspired departures from traditional methods of delivering health care services. Typically, these new methods entail cooperation among competing providers and the setting of preagreed actual or maximum charges for health care services. While efforts to lower health care costs are in the public interest, they enjoy no anti...

Please refer tot his post as: Richard Wolfram, ‘‘Most Favored Nations’ (MFN) Clauses under the Spotlight: U.S. v. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan — When Might Otherwise Competitively Neutral or Procompetitive MFN Clauses Violate the A n t i t r u s t L a w s ? ’ , A n t i t r u s t C o n n e c t B l o g , J a n u a r y 6 2 0 1 1 , http://antitrustconnect.com/2011/01/06/most-favored-nations-m...

IMPORTANCE The passage of the 2008 Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act and the 2010 Affordable Care Act incorporated parity for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment into federal legislation. However, prior research provides us with scant evidence as to whether federal parity legislation will hold the potential for improving access to SUD treatment. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect ...

OBJECTIVE To review smoking policies of major international airports, to compare these policies with corresponding incountry tobacco control legislation and to identify areas of improvement for advancing smoke-free policy in airports. METHODS We reviewed smoking policies of 34 major international airports in five world regions, and collected data on current national and subnational legislatio...