The nearest-neighbor method is perhaps the simplest of all algorithms for predicting the class of a test example. The training phase is trivial: simply store every training example, with its label. To make a prediction for a test example, first compute its distance to every training example. Then, keep the k closest training examples, where k ≥ 1 is a fixed integer. Look for the label that is m...

Currently, information architects create metadata category hierarchies manually. We present a nearly-automated approach for deriving such hierarchies, by converting the lexical hierarchy WordNet into a format that reflects the contents of a target information collection. We use the term “nearly-automated” because an information architect should have to make only small adjustments to produce an ...

We will demonstrate MindNet, a lexical resource built automatically by processing text. We will present two forms of MindNet: as a static lexical resource, and, as a toolkit which allows MindNets to be built from arbitrary text. We will also introduce a web-based interface to MindNet lexicons (MNEX) that is intended to make the data contained within MindNets more accessible for exploration. Bot...

In this introductory text, we present some of the main lexical semantics paradigms frequently used in Computational Linguistics circles. Most of the elements presented here come from different linguistic traditions. To make the text homogeneous, we have somewhat reformulated or simplified some of them. We successively present the notions of argument structure and thematic roles, the notion of a...

Planning-based approaches to reference provide a uniform treatment of linguistic decisions, from content selection to lexical choice. In this paper, we show how the issues of lexical ambiguity, vagueness, unspecific descriptions, ellipsis, and the interaction of subsective modifiers can be expressed using a belief-state planner modified to support context-dependent actions. Because the number o...

This paper describes an approach to the analysis of lexical cohesion using WordNet. The approach automatically annotates texts with potential cohesive ties, and supports various thesaurus based and text based search facilities as well as different views on the annotated texts. The purpose is to be able to investigate large amounts of text in order to get a clearer idea to what extent semantic r...

The term ‘spam’ addresses unsolicited emails sent in bulk; therefore, the term‘financial fraud spam’ refers to unwanted bulk emails in which different tricks and techniques areemployed to swindle money from the recipients. Estimates show that more than 80% of worldwideemail traffic in 2011 was spam. It should be noted that while the number of daily spam emails in2002 was 2.4 billion, this numbe...

Acquired aphasics and dyslexics with even very profound word reading impairments have been shown to perform relatively well on the lexical decision task, but direct contrasts with unimpaired participant's data is often complicated by extremely long reaction times for patient data. The dissociation between lexical decision and word naming performance shown by these patients is of theoretical imp...