This appendix describes the procedure developed by Clough and Duncan (1971) for the determination of hyperbolic parameter values for interfaces. Hyperbolic parameter values of the interfaces between concrete and dense Density Sand, medium-dense Density Sand, and dense Light Castle Sand are determined based on the results of the initial loading tests presented in Appendix C. Example calculations...

the relationship between moscow and the peripheral republics of the soviet :union: has been a controversial issue. the complicatedness and implications of this relationship was to a degree recognized during the soviet era. yet it was after the collapse of the communist regime that its real scope and significance were revealed, especially in central asian and caucasian republics where a variety ...

Reinforced concrete walls are commonly used as the primary lateral force-resisting system for tall buildings. As the tools for conducting nonlinear response history analysis have improved and with the advent of performancebased seismic design, reinforced concrete walls and core walls are often employed as the only lateral forceresisting system. Proper modelling of the load versus deformation be...

Constraining the core’s composition is essential for understanding Earth accretion, core formation and sustainment of Earth’s magnetic field. outer inner exhibit a density deficit relative to pure iron, attributed presence substantial amounts low atomic number ‘light’ elements, such as sulfur, silicon, oxygen, carbon hydrogen. However, owing its inaccessibility, estimates can only be indirectly...