Lightning is one of the fascinating phenomena exhibiting tremendous natural power. It is source of awe, curiosity, enticement, inspiration as well as fear. On average, 50 lightning strikes occur on earth in one second. Fortunately not all of them kill people, albeit 10% people fall prey to lightning annually, out of which hardly 20 to 25% die. Lightning injures victims by heat, shockwave, inten...

The importance of simulating surge arresters in fast transients programs stems from their useful property as a means of controlling switching overvoltages in EHV and UHV systems. The paper proposes a surge arrester model to be used in conjunction with a transient program based on Fourier transform technique. The validity of the proposed model is demonstrated by computational results.

The fourth rail transit is an interesting topic to be shared and accessed by the community within that area of expertise. Several ongoing works are currently being conducted especially in aspects system technical performances including bracket component sensitivity analyses on various designs. Furthermore, lightning surge study railway electrification significant due fact only a handful publica...

In this paper, Intelligent water drop algorithm (IWD) is used to analyze single overhead line connected to grid-grounded arrester. In this approach, at first Norton’s equivalent circuit of the overhead line over lossy soil is computed by method of moments (MoM) and then for the problem under consideration, a nonlinear equivalent circuit in the frequency domain is proposed. Finally applying inte...

In order to analyze the explosion accidents of CRH5 EMU roof arrester in recent years, an internal temperature measuring platform based on fluorescence fiber was established, and distribution characteristics under continuous operating voltage high-current impulse were analyzed. The test results show that passing section overvoltage steep have higher amplitudes, while high-harmonic has a lower a...

although lightning is an uncommon phenomenon in nature; it can cause many destructive incidents. in the event of a lightning strike, multiple organs particularly the cardiovascular systems are at risk of injury. short-term mortality depends on its cardiac effects. in this paper, the authors report the development of myocardial infarction and pericardial effusion after lightning injury, a typica...

The lightning flash density Ng, so important in Lightning Protection standards for risk assessment calculations, should be replaced by the more suitable lightning strike-point density Nsg. A factor 2 is proposed to relate Ng to Nsg. More precise Ng values should occur from Lightning Location Systems (LLS), while improving their detection efficiency, location accuracy, and classification accurac...

Thunderstorms and lightning pose a safety risk to people spending time outdoors for professional or recreational purposes and are potentially hazardous to machinery and equipment operated outdoors. Thus, entities such as airports, sports venues and military operations employ safety procedures that include timely warnings and observations of the onset and duration of lightning hazards. These pro...

Lightning is persistently one of the leading causes of death caused by environmental or natural disaster. To understand the pathophysiology and treatment of lightning injuries one must first discount the innumerable myths, superstitions, and misconceptions surrounding lightning. The fundamental difference between high voltage electrical injury and lightning is the duration of exposure to curren...