Edge-like and line-like features result from spatial phase congruence, the local phase agreement between harmonic components of a spatial waveform. Psychophysical observations and models of early visual processing suggest that human visual feature detectors are specialized for edge-like and line-like phase congruence. To test whether primary visual cortex (V1) neurons account for such specifici...

Our brain is made of thousands neurons that create a chain different episodes stored in the human decentralized manner shapes conscious experience just like blockchain technology. Although can voluntarily delete some by mechanism distributed neurons, this ability limited. Thus, each episode open to access and saved securely so we do not confuse our childhood memories with movie characters same ...

This paper presents a Fuzzy Cognitive Map model to quantify implicit bias in structured datasets where features can be numeric or discrete. In our proposal, problem are mapped neural concepts that initially activated by experts when running what-if simulations, whereas weights connecting the represent absolute correlation/association patterns between features. addition, we introduce new reasoni...

background: in vitro model studies are becoming increasingly popular for experimental research designs. they include isolation and expansion of cells of a particular tissue, such as the nervous tissue which contributes to understanding the underlying mechanisms in many pathologies. it enables  the scrutinization of intracellular signaling pathways responsible for cell death. objectives: in the ...

a new approach is introduced to estimate the formal information of neurons. formal information, mainly discusses about the aspects of the response that is related to the stimulus. estimation is based on introducing a mathematical nonlinear model with hammerstein-wiener system estimator. this method of system identification consists of three blocks to completely describe the nonlinearity of inpu...

Introduction: Identifying the potential firing patterns following different brain regions under normal and abnormal conditions increases our understanding of events at the level of neural interactions in the brain. Furthermore, it is important to be capable of modeling the potential neural activities to build precise artificial neural networks. The Izhikevich model is one of the simplest biolog...

the role of endogenous histamine and h1, h2 and h3 central receptors on food intake in broiler chickenswas investigated. for this purpose, a probe was used to manipulate the concentration of endogenoushistamine by intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of thioperamide, an h3 receptor antagonist, and r-α-methylhistamine, an h3 receptor agonist and subsequently the effects of brain histaminergic...

introduction mdma or ecstasy is a derivative of amphetamines used mostly by young people worldwide. although the acute effects of this drug are known, the effect of chronic administration is not well studied. therefor the aim of this study was to determine the effects of repeated (long term) administration of mdma on rats' memory and their hippocampal cell density. method: young adult male...

We studied the developmental acquisition of three of the cotransmitters found in the gastropyloric receptor (GPR) neurons of the stomatogastric nervous systems of the lobsters Homarus americanus and Homarus gammarus. By using wholemount immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy, we examined the distribution of serotonin-like, allatostatin-like, and FLRF(NH2)-like immunoreactivities within the...

The brain, like any other organ in the body, is made up of various types cells. Nerve cells called neurons are major brain. Their main function to transfer messages and orders from organs body. Neurons communicate with each through connections that resemble electrical wires. Throughout a person’s life, remodel rewire their become weaker or stronger. This remodeling known as brain neuroplasticit...