The Arabic Treebank (ATB), released by the Linguistic Data Consortium, contains multiple annotation files for each source file, due in part to the role of diacritic inclusion in the annotation process. The data is made available in both ”vocalized” and ”unvocalized” forms, with and without the diacritic marks, respectively. Much parsing work with the ATB has used the unvocalized form, on the ba...

The paper examines the impact of the income distribution in a less-developed country (LDC) on its patterns of trade, through its influence on home market demand patterns. In a learning-by-doing model with nonhomothetic preferences, the authors show that import substitution under low inequality generates more focused learning and enhances trade potential more effectively. In addition, relative w...

Coverage has been a constant thorn in the side of deployed deep linguistic processing applications, largely because of the difficulty in constructing, maintaining and domaintuning the complex lexicons that they rely on. This paper reviews various strands of research on deep lexical acquisition (DLA), i.e. the (semi-)automatic creation of linguistically-rich language resources, particularly from...

In this paper, the multi-person decision making problems with various different types of incomplete linguistic preference relations are studied. Some new concepts, including incomplete uncertain linguistic preference relation, incomplete triangular fuzzy linguistic preference relation, incomplete trapezoid fuzzy linguistic preference relation, expected incomplete linguistic preference relation ...

This study examined four universal operating principles for first language acquisition proposed by Slobin (1973) and MacWhinney (1978). The applicability of these principles to second-language acquisition was tested by teaching children and adults a miniature linguistic system. The results suggested that the four principles played a major role in the learning of the system by 5-to 7-year-olds b...

In this work a motion control scheme, which belongs to the class of the control schemes known as a sliding mode control with disturbance estimation is proposed. Adaptive fuzzy disturbance estimator works as an identifier of variable part of a system dynamics. Adaptation algorithm is derived by using the Lyapunov stability theory and provides global asymptotic stability of the state errors. For ...

21 6 Conclusions Rough logic government in essence a mathematical model using rough logic to formulate the classical fuzzy control design theory. It give the informal practices a mathematical formalism. The "new" ingredients are the rule mining using rough set theory in Group 0 (See Section 3), evolutionary tuning using evolutionary computing in Group 5 and diierential geometric view of the who...

In a previous report we used the Linked Dipole Chain model unintegrated gluon densities to investigate the uncertainties in the predictions for central exclusive production of scalars at hadron colliders. Here we expand this investigation by also looking at other parameterizations of the unintegrated gluon density, and look in more detail on the behavior of these at small k⊥. We confirm our con...

Seeing others is a central metaphor in James Cameron’s film Avatar, used as a means to express empathy and empathic bonding throughout the film, both between humans and the Na’vi, and between the Na’vi and the animals that inhabit their world. Empathy entails an ability to see and feel the world from another’s perspective—feeling with rather than feeling for. Jake Sully’s shifting and boundary-...