objective(s)cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (cpg odns) have been shown to have potent immunostimulatory adjuvant activity for a wide range of antigens. due to susceptibility of phosphodiester cpg odns (po cpg) to nuclease degradation, nuclease-resistant phosphorothioate cpg odns (ps cpg) were currently utilized in an in vivo model. in this study, according to some recently reported drawbacks with ps ...

background : historically, leishmanization is the most effective protective measure against cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), cl lesion induced by leishmanization sometimes takes a long time to heal. ma­nipulation of leishmanization inoculums needed to induce a mild and acceptable cl lesion. the aim of this study was to explore if liposomal form of cpg odn (cytosin phosphate guanin oligodeoxynu­cle...

Liposomes are artificially prepared vesicles made of lipid bilayer. Liposomes can be filled with drugs, and used to deliver drugs for cancer and other diseases. Amongst the various carrier, few drug carrier reached the stages of clinical trails where phospholipid vesicles (liposome) show strong potential for effective drug delivery to the site of action. Liposomes can be composed of naturally-d...

cefquinome sulfate (cs) is a fourth-generation cephalosporin, which has been developed solely for veterinary use. it shows potent antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial species. however, cefquinome is susceptible to hydrolysis, which limiting its clinical employment efficacies to some extent. so, in this study, to increase cefquinome sulfate biological half-life, a novel c...

The kinetics of activation of tumoricidal functions in mouse macrophages incubated with macrophage-activating factors (MAF) released by mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes (free MAF) and MAF encapsulated with liposomes (liposome-MAF) have been compared. Development of tumoricidal activity requires incubation of macrophages with free or liposome-encapsulated MAF for a minimum of 4 hr. Macrophages inc...

We have developed a method to enable in vitro directed evolution that can be applied to membrane proteins. This method, termed liposome display, uses liposomes as compartments in which membrane proteins are synthesized and as scaffolds for membrane protein integration. Thus, the synthesized membrane proteins are displayed on the surface of the liposome and exhibit their functions. A randomly mu...

A thermally triggered liposome-based mineralization system is described that is metastable at ambient temperature but rapidly forms calcium phosphate mineral upon warming to physiologic temperature. Mixing of a calcium-loaded lipid vesicle suspension with aqueous inorganic phosphate resulted in a stable liposome suspension whose bulk ionic concentration was highly supersaturated with respect to...

Cationic liposome-nucleic acid complexes, which were originally developed for use as non-viral gene delivery vectors, may now have an equally important application as immunotherapeutic drugs. Recent studies have highlighted the ability of cationic liposomes to potently activate the innate immune system when used to deliver certain Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. The immune-enhancing properti...

The solubilization dynamics of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) liposomes, as induced by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), were investigated; this investigation was motivated by several types of atypical behavior that were observed in the solubilization in this system. The liposomes and surfactants were mixed in a microchip, and the solubilization reaction of each liposome was observed using ...