New perspectives on Frankenstein are hard to come by. Recent scholarship has provided a wide variety of insights into the novel, making it a central text in feminist studies, the history of the novel, psychoanalytical criticism, and, of course, the impact of science on the novel.2 For reasons that aren't entirely clear, however, the issue of the nature of knowledge—as a cultural artifact—has no...

. . .. How does Mary Shelley conceive of nature as such? In other words, what is nature, both the external world and human nature? Frankenstein insistently raises this question. It is the question that Victor is trying to answer, namely, "whence . . . did the principle of life proceed?" (46). And it is the question that haunts his creature, who repeatedly asks "Who was I? What was I? Whence did...

literature witnessed in the last two centuries frequently monetary approaches that led to philosophizing in the global literary wealth, which were collected during the persistent centuries of human history. it is these approaches can be noted structural literary criticism that address the impact of literary structure. in this article we look at it from a new view as we speak for a short women&a...

ENGL 302 Twentieth-Century Irish Drama. Instr. R. Elliott. 10:00 MWF. After an opening glance at the Anglo-Irish comic tradition, this course will focus on plays written during and since the Irish Renaissance that flowered about 1900. We will discuss works by the major Abbey Theatre playwrights – W. B. Yeats, John Millington Synge, Lady Augusta Gregory, and Sean O’Casey – and link their writing...

The creators of the Hindu scriptures known as the Brahmaand Bhāgavatapurāṇas lavished a great amount of descriptive detail on mythical and ‘mythologised’ places where important discourses were enunciated: the Naimiṣa forest, Mt Meru, Kurukṣetra, and Ānanda on the banks of the Ganges. At first glance this might appear to be idle expression of literary virtuosity, but I suggest that this careful ...

Reader-response criticism maintains that the interpretive activities of readers, rather than the author’s intention or the text’s structure, explain a text’s significance and aesthetic value. Biographical accounts of how a writer responds to his or her critics initiated this kind of criticism. That is, since a writer may respond to commentary provided by friends, reviewers, or critics, biograph...