The new national service framework sets quality criteria for the care of patients with long-term neurological conditions. It aims to ensure early recognition of neurological conditions, increase self-management and independent living, and improve palliative care and support for families and carers.

An advance directive is a form of ‘living will’, which outlines the treatment desired when an individual lacks the capacity to make a decision of his own. This is called a living will because it is meant to operate whilst the maker is alive, albeit incapacitated. In view of the increasing treatment interventions now available, there is growing recognition that an individual has the right to ref...

Schizophrenia is a serious disorder that often affects young people in their early twenties. The outcome is often poor, associated costs and burdens are extensive. Almost 15% of schizophrenics end up with frequent admission and require long-term residential care (1). Recently, the idea of early detection and intervention has been launched as a new and promising approach. The starting point for ...

Background The androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a polymorphic trinucleotide repeat that encodes a polyglutamine tract in its N-terminal transactivation domain (NTAD). We aimed to find a correlation between the length of this polymorphic tract and azoospermia or oligozoospermia in infertile men living in Khuzestan, Iran. MaterialsAndMethods In this case-control study during two years till 20...

Background and Aims: Hepatitis C is a blood-borne virus that causes a liver inflammation. The prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) in hemodialysis patients is more than the general population. Periodic screening of HCV in dialysis centers is necessary to control this viral disease.  The aim of this study is the evaluation of HCV infection among hemodialysis patients living in Yazd province of...

background: patients with β-thalassemia major (tm) develop iron overload through increased iron absorption and transfusional therapy and it’s the most important complication of tm. thalassemia is common in coastal regions and lands with low altitudes. the aim of this study is to determine the effect of high and low altitude on serum ferritin and treatment requirement in two groups of β-thalasse...

two hundred cases of renal transplantation from living donors are reported from shahid hashemi nejad medical'center in iran. there were 127 male and 73 female patients with 67% in the third and fourth decade of life. all patients received grafts from living donors with 1 14 cases of hla haploidentical, 55 cases of hla identical matches and 24 unrelated donors. one year patient and graft su...

BACKGROUND Interracial disparities in nephrolithiasis prevalence have been reported, but the interplay between genetics and the environment for urinary stone disease risk factors is poorly understood. To examine how environment may alter genetic predisposition for stone formation, we established the International Chinese Consortium on Nephrolithiasis (ICCON) as a multi-institutional collaborati...

background and objective: cerebro-vascular accident (cva) is considered to be one of the main causes of acquired motor disability in adults. different motor rehabilitation programs are being designed in order to improve motor difficulties of patients with cva. in the current study we aimed to assess the effect of task-based mirror therapy on upper limb functions and activities of daily living i...

a clinical and epidemiological comparison of the cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out among 100 victims of cutaneous leishmaniasis who were living in the villages of isfahan area, and 100 other patients of the lesions have been determined and analyzed. comparison of patients of the city with that of neighboring villages shows that both type of cutaneous leishmaniasis are prevalent in isfahan...