• The local imbalance is more crucial than the global one in multi-label data. based measure assesses hardness of MLSOL and MLUL tackle class issue via imbalance. Suitable application situations our two methods are identified, respectively. Class an inherent characteristic data that hinders most learning methods. One efficient flexible strategy to deal with this problem employ sampling techniqu...

A finite sequence of real numbers {d0, d1, · · · , dm} is said to be unimodal if there exists an index 0 ≤ j ≤ m such that d0 ≤ d1 ≤ · · · ≤ dj and dj ≥ dj+1 ≥ · · · ≥ dm. A polynomial is said to be unimodal if its sequence of coefficients is unimodal. The sequence {d0, d1, · · · , dm} with dj ≥ 0 is said to be logarithmically concave (or log concave for short) if dj+1dj−1 ≤ dj for 1 ≤ j ≤ m − ...

This paper looks at proofs concerning Gray codes and the locality of local search; it is shown that in some cases such proofs can be generalized to Binary and real valued encodings, while in other cases such proofs do not hold for Binary encodings. The paper also looks at a modified form of Quad Search that is proven to converge in under 2L evaluations to a global optimum on unimodal 1-D biject...