This study examines the spatial and temporal variability of monthly total rainfall data obtained from weather stations located in the urban areas of Kuwait. The rainfall data are analyzed by considering statistics on a seasonal basis and by means of periodogram technique to reveal the periods responsible for the variable pattern. The results demonstrate similarity implying that a point estimate...

the purpose of this paper is to analyze the utility operating radius and service on city parks in ardabil neighborhood, local, regional and urban level, to investigate the relationship between the distribution of these parks with water levels in the city of ardabil, including shorabil lake and balyqlv river and reviews for distribution park. the data and information used by documentary. to anal...

urban environments rely on the surrounding natural ecosystems remnants as providers of ecosystemfunctions, therefore these areas not only support a unique biodiversity but also have a social value for maintainingpublic health andwellbeing. for this reason, urbanization is considered to be one the biggest threats to ecosystems,leading to native biodiversity simplification and, thus, to a detrime...

Conservation prioritization at large scales is complex, combining biological, environmental, and social factors. While conservation scientists now more often aim to incorporate human-related factors, a critical yet unquantified challenge remains: to identify which areas people use for recreation outside urban centers. To address this gap in applied ecology and conservation, we developed a novel...

unplanned urban development imposes significant pressure on land resources and land use structures and brings about many negative socio-economic and environmental consequences. therefore, comprehensive studies should be applied to support urban land use management in the world and especially in developing countries. in iran, like many other developing countries, urban development is fast and of...

Space and society are clearly interrelated in such a way that conceiving of the former without the latter as well as understanding society without its spatial components is impossible. Public urban spaces provide the grounds for citizens' social interactions and communication. More importantly, active presence of people in these areas promotes levels of social interaction, sense of cooperation ...

Unreliable electricity supply is a major obstacle to economic development in countries such as India. While electricity problems in the rural areas are widely recognized, scholars have yet to analyze the situation in urban slums. Drawing on 2004-2005 survey data from the India Human Development Survey, we document the electricity situation in slums. We find that while households located in slum...

the urban squatter settlements is an urban phenomenon which is formed and developed by uncontrolled and irregular urbanization growth in the world and in iran as well and also by migration from the villages towards the cities. urban squatter settlements, as an unbalancing factor in the urban physical equilibrium, is a sign of irregular growth in the cities and the regions and many of the urbani...