Due to its potential for a high degree of parallelism, optimistic concurrency control is expected to perform better than two-phase locking when integrated with priority-driven CPU scheduling in real-time database systems. In this paper, we examine the overall effects and the impact of the overheads involved in implementing real-time optimistic concurrency control. Using a locking mechanism to e...

Database (DB) and transaction processing systems utilize their own locking of data items instead of using locking services provided by operating systems (OSs). There are two major reasons for this, one deals with the size of lockable items while the other one with efficiency: (i) OSs provide efficient locking of pages by utilizing the Memory Management Unit. The problem is that the system page ...

OBJECTIVES To compare the biomechanical properties of a new nitinol intramedullary (IM) scaffold implant with those of volar plates for the treatment of dorsally comminuted extra-articular distal radius fractures using an established model. METHODS A dorsal wedge osteotomy was performed on a bone model to simulate a dorsally comminuted extra-articular distal radius fracture. This model was us...

Introduction: The indications for intramedullary nail fixation of fractures of the femoral shaft have been greatly expanded by techniques of interlocking nailing. However, distal locking screw fixation remains the most technically demanding and problematic portion of the procedure and maybe responsible for as much as one-half of the exposure of the surgeon’s hands to radiation during the proced...

Phase-locking between local field potential and spikes has been widely investigated through neurophysiological analysis. Two indices most frequently adopted traditionally include the mean resultant length p of Rayleigh test. However, traditional method is found less reliable for cases with substantial sample sizes or bimodal distribution. In this article, K we propose an entropy-based to detect...

Concurrent programming has become necessary to benefit from current multi-core processors. The main challenge is safely accessing shared resources from multiple parallel threads, which is typically done with locks. Simple locking mechanisms are easier to implement correctly, but often suffer from high lock contention, which means that threads frequently have to wait until another thread release...

The injection-locked power amplifier (ILPA) has demonstrated relatively high gain and high efficiency at millimeter-wave frequency. However, their application is still limited by its sensitivity to loading effect and narrow injection locking bandwidth. In this letter, a wide injection locking ILPA using buffered input and output has been proposed and implemented on 65 nm CMOS technology. The bu...

Locking granularity refers to the size of a lockable data unit, called a "granule", in a database system. Fine granularity improves system performance by increasing concurrency level but it also increases lock management overhead. Coarse granularity, on the other hand, sacrifices system performance but lowers the lock management cost. This paper explores the impact of granule size on performanc...

The communication latency presents a major challenge to achieving high responsiveness for Internet-based cooperative editing systems. In this paper, we propose conflict control locking (post-locking) schemes for conflict resolution in real-time object-based cooperative graphics editors. With these schemes, no locking request is needed before applying an editing operation to an object, instead, ...

While standard locking libraries are common and easy to use, delegation algorithms that offload work to a single thread can achieve better performance in multithreaded applications, but are hard to use without adequate library support. This paper presents an interface for delegation locks together with libraries for C and C++ that make it easy to use queue delegation locking, a versatile highpe...