Several guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules and cancer have recently been published. However, recommended practices are not always appropriate to different settings or countries. The aim of this consensus was to develop Clinical Guidelines for evaluation and management of patients with thyroid nodules applicable to Latin American countries. The panel was composed by 13 memb...

In Japan, insulin therapy is recommended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus either directly after diet, exercise and lifestyle improvements, or if the target for glycemic control is not achieved with other hypoglycemic agents. Insulin degludec is an ultra-long-acting insulin that was launched in Japan in 2013, having shown good efficacy and safety in its clinical development program....

many as a single entity. The aetiology of the disease remains obscure. It has, however, been clearly established that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is not responsible for the excessive thyroid activity. An abnormal thyroid stimulator (known as long-acting thyroid stimulator, or LATS), which is both chemically and immunologically distinct from TSH, is found in the serum of many patients with...

treatment guidelines agree that they are the agents of choice to relieve bronchoconstriction in acute asthma.1'2 There has been considerable debate, however, as to the therapeutic value of regular inhaled shortacting 02-agonists long term.3'4 Particularly at issue is the concern that they may have the potential to worsen asthma control, thereby contributing to an increase in asthma mortality ob...

At 5:56 p.m. on October 23, 2004, a major earthquake of magnitude 6.8 on the Richter scale struck the Chuetsu district of Niigata Prefecture, Japan, a rural area with mountain villages. Strong aftershocks of grade 5-6 on the Japanese Intensity Scale continued for 2 months. We investigated changes in the HbA1c levels of 65 type 1 diabetic patients with insulin therapy before and throughout the 1...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes poses an increasing healthcare burden in Japan. Although insulin treatment has diversified in recent years, the literature on the utilization of healthcare services among patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing different insulin therapy regimens is scarce. The current study aimed to characterize the real-world insulin treatment patterns and associated utilization of ...

Exogenous insulin is the only treatment available for type 1 diabetic patients and is mostly administered by subcutaneous (SC) injection in a basal and bolus scheme using insulin pens (injection) or pumps (preimplanted SC catheter). Some divergence exists between these two modes of administration, since pumps provide better glycaemic control compared to injections in humans. The aim of this stu...