thin film phthalocyanines(pc), incloding zinc, iron, and magnesium phthalocyani-nes, were prepared by vacuum deposition method. chronocoulometry was used to study the charge transfer reaction mechanism of ionic species through the thin films. the results obtained in chronocoulometric studies shows that the thin film phthalocyanines could operate via two mechanisms.the first mechanism metal pc t...

thin-walled hollow steel columns, either circular or box shaped, are commonly used as piers in bridges. recent earthquakes, e.g. hyogoken-nanbu or kobe 1995, on the other hand have shown that these columns are vulnerable to damage when subjected to earthquake loading. this paper presents a new innovative thin-walled hollow steel column fabricated of corrugated plates, “thin-walled steel columns...

Purified sphingosine was resolved into dihydrosphingosine, sphingosine, and a fast-moving component by thin-layer chromatography on Silica Gel G. The fast-moving component was generated by the adsorbent, and consisted of a mixture of the cationic forms of dihydrosphingosine and sphingosine. Other sphingosine derivatives gave rise to similar artifacts. Sphingosine formed two degradation products...

We analyze a long-wavelength model of viscous entrainment from a nozzle and show that, when appropriate large-scale boundary conditions are imposed, the entrainment transition can become continuous. As the entrainment threshold is approached from above, the entrained steady-state spout becomes vanishingly thin compared to the nozzle radius and takes the form of a thin tendril emerging from a ba...

Our long-term goal is to understand (1) the properties of densely concentrated, thin layers of planktonic biota that can occur in coastal ocean environments, (2) the interacting physical, chemical, biological and optical processes responsible for establishment, maintenance and breakdown of layers, (3) the impact of thin layers on the dynamics of plankton populations and the performance of optic...

The effects of variable viscosity on the flow and heat transfer in a thin film flow for a third grade fluid has been discussed. The thin film is considered on the outer side of an infinitely long vertical cylinder. The governing nonlinear differential equations of momentum and energy are solved analytically by using homotopy analysis method. The expression for the viscous dissipation and entrop...