We present an alternative derivation of the gravitational field equations starting from the Newton’s law, which intrinsically brings in observer dependence in the theory. Projecting the Riemann curvature tensor appropriately as fit for an observer, taking a cue from Poisson’s equation, the Einstein’s equations immediately follow. Our derivation naturally adapts to Lovelock gravity theories wher...

Abstract Lovelock gravity containing dimensionally continued Euler densities can be considered as a natural extension of Einstein’s theory in higher dimensions such that the associated differential equations motion are still second order. In this paper, is coupled with scalar field and hairy black holes presence quintessential matter cloud strings analyzed. Thermodynamics these discussed well. ...

By employing the general expression of temperature Th = |κ|/2π = 1 2πr̃A (1 − ̇̃ rA 2Hr̃A ) associated with the apparent horizon of a FRW universe and assuming a region of FRW universe enclosed by the apparent horizon as a thermal system in equilibrium, we are able to show that the generalized second law of thermodynamics holds in Gauss-Bonnet gravity and in more general Lovelock gravity. PACS num...