We used chloroplast simple sequence repeats (cpSSRs) to examine whether there is any variation present in the chloroplast genome of Pinus torreyana (Parry ex Carrière) that may previously not have been detected using RFLPs. Analysis of 17 cpSSR loci showed no variation, which is consistent with previous cpRFLP work and confirms that the species is descended from an original, highly monomorphic ...

In this thesis, a parametric audio coding system for very low bit rates is presented. It is based on a generalized framework that combines different source models into a hybrid model and thereby permits flexible utilization of a broad range of source and perceptual models. The developed parametric audio coding system allows efficient coding of arbitrary audio signals at bit rates in the range o...

Vector quantization-based approaches to speech coding have generated new interest in very low bit rate speech coding, that is, speech coded to bit rates below 1200 bits/sec. To achieve such low bit rates, it is necessary to quantize the pitch and energy parameters at rates below 100 bits/sec. Contour quantization is introduced as a technique in which the contour of a given parameter is normaliz...

The concept of high-order motion compensation is introduced. It is argued that in hybrid video coding, motion-compensated prediction has to be viewed as a source coding problem with a delity criterion. Based on our considerations, various high-order motion compensation approaches are presented that achieve signi-cantly improved video coding results. The designed motion-compensated predictors ac...

Excavations in a playa along the 1992 rupture of the Emerson fault reveal evidence of two paleoseismic events, with only one large prehistoric rupture in the past 15 millennia. Accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon ages of charcoal from playa sediments and from faultscarp colluvium directly beneath the playa beds indicate that the last large prehistoric slip event occurred about 9000 ka. Tr...

This work is an introduction to research in the field of speech coding. The goal is to become familiar with the latest technical analysis and speech coding to get the developing of two coders operating at very low speed, respectively (2400 and 1200 bps). The choice of the encoding algorithm has been focused on the MELP (Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction), which has a flow rate ratio / interest...

In this paper, we present an object detection and tracking algorithm for low-frame-rate applications. We extend the standard mean-shift technique such that is is not limited within a single kernel but uses multiple kernels centered around high motion areas obtained by change detection. We also improve the convergence properties of the mean-shift by integrating two additional likelihood terms us...

In this paper, we focus on energy disaggregation at low-sampling rates (at 6sec and 1min) and use only active power measurements for training and testing. Specifically, we develop two algorithms: one is a low-complexity, supervised approach based on Decision Trees and another is an unsupervised method based on Dynamic Time Warping. Both proposed algorithms share common pre-classification steps....

This paper investigates Waveform Interpolation (WI) applied low bit rate wideband speech coding. An analysis of the evolutionary behaviour of wideband Characteristic Waveforms (CWs) shows that direct application of the classical WI algorithm may not be appropriate for wideband speech. We propose a modification whereby CW quantisation is performed using classical WI decomposition for the low fre...