Introduction: Before establishing a human outpost on the Moon, numerous problems associated with lunar dust must be addressed and mitigated [1, 2]. The deleterious nature of lunar dusts was experienced during all Apollo missions. Lunar dusts (brought in on dirty spacesuits and boots) contaminated the atmosphere in the lunar module and irritated the eyes, sinuses, and throats of the astronauts [...

One of the oqtical datasets for optimal selection of future lunar lana_ng sites is local, to regional-scale topography. Lunar base site selection will require such data for hoth engineering and scientific olX,rations purposes. The Lunar Geosctence Orbiter or Lunar Obsert_or is the ideal precursory science mission from which to obtain this required information. We suggest that a simple laser alt...

A global scheme of Lunar-Earth Information Network is proposed in this paper. It is composed of a lunar-earth Messenger, a lunar Orbiter and a Lunar Probe net, through which an information collection and communication network is formed. Moreover, the triune exploration and project features are described in detail. Keyword: LunarNet, Messenger, Orbiter, Lunar Probes

[1] Imaging radar measurements at long wavelengths (e.g., >30 cm) allow deep (up to tens of meters) probing of the physical structure and dielectric properties of planetary regoliths. We illustrate a potential application for a Mars orbital synthetic aperture radar (SAR) using new Earth-based 70-cm wavelength radar data for the Moon. The terrae on the northern margin of Mare Imbrium, the Montes...

OBJECTIVE To examine the plausibility of health claims for Eclipse, a novel smoking article being marketed by the RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJR) as potentially reducing the risk of cancer and other diseases compared to conventional cigarettes. DATA SOURCES A company product website (www.eclipse.rjrt.com) summarising scientific studies of various versions of Eclipse, and the published revie...

A total eclipse occurred on 11 August 1999 with its path of totality passing over central Europe in the latitude range 40–50 N. The ionospheric responses to this eclipse were measured by a wide ionosonde network. On the basis of the measurements of foE, foF1, and foF2 at sixteen ionosonde stations in Europe, we statistically analyze the variations of these parameters with a function of eclipse ...

This paper analyzes the lunar terrain effects on the signal propagation of the planned NASA lunar wireless communication and sensor systems. It is observed that the propagation characteristics are significantly affected by the presence of the lunar terrain. The obtained results indicate that the terrain geometry, antenna location, and lunar surface material are important factors determining the...

The Suomi NPP (S-NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) performs the scheduled lunar roll maneuver on a monthly basis. The lunar calibration coefficients and lunar F-factor are calculated by taking the ratio of the lunar observed radiance to the simulated radiance from the Miller and Turner (MT) lunar model. The lunar F-factor is also validated against that derived from the VIIR...

Preparations for lunar missions involve the extensive use of simulants of lunar surface materials. Since many planned operations engage the mechanical properties of the regolith, it is of utmost importance to assure that the simulants adequately represent the engineering properties of actual lunar materials. To address this critical issue, we are conducting an experimental and modeling effort t...