BACKGROUND/AIMS Diabetic retinopathy screening guidelines recommend referral to an ophthalmologist if there is exudate within one disc diameter of the fovea. Many of these patients, however, have resolution of small amounts of exudate without treatment. This study aimed to assess whether patients with minimal streak or dot exudates within one disc diameter of the fovea can be monitored in a scr...

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in developed countries due to macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). For both complications laser treatment may offer proven therapy: the Diabetic Retinopathy Study demonstrated that panretinal scatter photocoagulation reduces the risk of severe visual loss by >50% in eyes with high-risk characterist...

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the main cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients. The management of DME is complex and often various treatment approaches are needed. At the present time, despite the enthusiasm for evaluating several new treatments for DME, including the intravitreal pharmacologic therapies (e.g., corticosteroids and anti-VEGF drugs), laser photocoagulation still remains...

Diabetic macular edema is the most common cause of visual impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of macular edema is complex and multifactorial. For many years, laser photocoagulation has been considered the standard therapy for the treatment of diabetic macular edema; however, few patients achieve significant improvements in visual acuity. Today the intravitreal admini...

Diabetic macular edema is a main reason for visual loss in diabetic patients. Until recent years, macular laser photocoagulation was the only available therapy. The awareness that inflammation is an important factor in the pathogenetic process of DME gave reason for intravitreal treatment with corticosteroids. The introduction of anti-VEGF drugs brought a revolutionary change in the treatment o...

Macular edema is the leading cause of visual impairment in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Limited improvements may be obtained with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal triamcinolone. However, according to the data provided by randomized clinical trials, intravitreal injections of ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) constitute a new effective and safe option for ...

Intervention In the model, each patient was assessed for disease progression and mortality by age, disease duration, and disease severity. Screening for diabetic retinopathy was assumed to be done according to the guidelines of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, with assessments for proliferative retinopathy and macular edema that used published sensitivities for ophthalmic examination. Pat...

by indocyanine green angiography in a patient with retention of good vision for almost four years. Retina. 1994;14:114-124. 3. Borodkin MJ, Thompson JT. Retinal cartography: an analysis of two-dimensional and threedimensional mapping of the retina. Retina. 1992; 12:273-280. 4. Snyder JP. Map Projections: A Working Manual, USGS Professional Paper. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1...

by indocyanine green angiography in a patient with retention of good vision for almost four years. Retina. 1994;14:114-124. 3. Borodkin MJ, Thompson JT. Retinal cartography: an analysis of two-dimensional and threedimensional mapping of the retina. Retina. 1992; 12:273-280. 4. Snyder JP. Map Projections: A Working Manual, USGS Professional Paper. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1...

Purpose: to evaluate, compare and disscuss the therapeutic efficacy of intravitreal anti- VEGF laser photocoagulation in treatment CSME. Material &Method:We have been selected 100 eyes 50 patients diabetic retinopathy with macular edema (CSME) ,out which 26 were excluded due retinal detachment, neovascular glaucoma, complicated cataract, corneal opacity. Total 74 37 has for study divided in...