We study a model of a d-wave superconductor with strong potential scatterers in the presence of antiferromagnetic correlations and apply it to experimental nuclear magnetic resonance NMR results on Zn impurities in the superconducting state of YBa2Cu3O7− . We then focus on the contribution of impurity-induced paramagnetic moments, with Hubbard correlations in the host system accounted for in Ha...

The conduction electron density of states nearby a single magnetic impurity, as measured recently by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), is calculated. It is shown that the Kondo effect induces a narrow Fano resonance as an intrinsic feature in the conduction electron density of states. The line shape varies with the distance between STM tip and impurity, in qualitative agreement with experime...

By employing an adaptive time-dependent density-matrix-renormalization-group method, the spin-flip process of polarons is investigated in a polymer chain with magnetic impurities. Being driven by an external electric field, a polaron carrying both spin 1/2 and charge +/-e moves at a constant speed in the polymer chain. When the polaron passes through a specific site, which couples to a magnetic...

We consider a model of an Anderson impurity embedded in a d(x(2)-y(2))--wave superconducting state to describe the low-energy excitations of cuprate superconductors doped with a small amount of magnetic impurities. Because of the Dirac-like energy dispersion, a sharp localized resonance above the Fermi energy, showing a marginal Fermi liquid behavior ( omega ln omega as omega-->0), is predicted...

Finite β effects on impurity transport are studied through local linear gyrokinetic simulations with gyro [J. Candy and E. Belli, General Atomics Report GA-A26818 (2011)]; in particular we investigate the parametric dependences of the impurity peaking factor (zero-flux density gradient) and the onset of the kinetic ballooning modes (KBM). We find that electromagnetic effects even at low β can h...

Spin-dependent scattering is considered to be the origin of giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers, although the role of bulk or interface defects is still under discussion. We present calculations of spin-dependent impurity scattering potentials as a function of the impurity position in a Co/Cu-multilayer. The calculations are performed within spin density functional theory using a Gr...

When subject to a weak magnetic impurity distribution, the order parameter and quasi-particle energy gap of a weakly disordered bulk s-wave superconductor are suppressed. In the Born scattering limit, recent investigations have shown that ‘optimal fluctuations’ of the random impurity potential can lead to the nucleation of ‘domains’ of localised states within the gap region predicted by the con...

The electronic structure near a single classical magnetic impurity in a superconductor is determined using a fully self-consistent Koster-Slater algorithm. Localized excited states are found within the energy gap which are half electron and half hole. Within a jellium model we find the new result that the spatial structure of the positive-frequency (electron-like) spectral weight (or local dens...

We consider a model of an Anderson impurity embedded in a dx2_y2-w&ve superconducting state to describe the low-energy excitations of cuprate superconductors doped with a small amount of magnetic impurities. Due to the Dirac-like energy dispersion, a sharp localized resonance above the Fermi energy, showing a marginal Fermi liquid behavior (wlnw as w ->0), is predicted for the impurity states. ...

Spectroscopic properties of pure and impurity-activated alkaline-earth sulfides as studied by optical and magnetic resonance techniques are reviewed.