Narrow-gap semiconductors have been used for decades in the fabrication of magnetic field sensors, such as magnetoresistors and Hall sensors. Magnetic field sensors are, in turn, used in conjunction with permanent magnets to make contactless potentiometers and rotary encoders. This sensing technology offers the most reliable way to convert a mechanical movement into an electrical signal, and is...

This paper presents the surface piezomagnetoelasticity theory for size-dependent buckling analysis of an embedded piezoelectric/magnetostrictive nanobeam (PMNB). It is assumed that the subjected forces from the surrounding medium contain both normal and shear components. Therefore, the surrounded elastic foundation is modeled by Pasternak foundation. The nonlocal piezomagnetoelasticity theory i...

Magneto-optical imaging is widely used to observe the domain patterns in magnetic materials, visualize defects in ferromagnetic objects, and measure the spatial distribution of stray magnetic fields. Optimized 1D magneto-photonic crystals enable a significant increase in the sensitivity of magneto-optical sensors. The properties of such devices based on the optimized reflection (doubled Faraday...

Current motion tracking technologies fail to provide accurate wide area tracking of multiple users without interference and occlusion problems. These limitations make difficult the construction of a practical and intuitive interface, which allows humans to be inserted into networked virtual environments in a fully immersive manner. Advances in the field of miniature sensors make possible inerti...

Because weapon systems, vehicles, and most communication systems all generate magnetic fields, magnetic sensors can provide useful military information. There has been significant recent progress in magnetometry. This progress includes chip scale magnetometers, magnetoelectric sensors, devices with much larger magnetoresistance (MR) and an ARL invention, the MEMS flux concentrator that is neede...

Compared to the established fluorescent labeling method, the use of magnetic markers in biochip sensors has important advantages with respect to the detection of biomolecules at low concentrations. The direct availability of an electronic signal allows the design of inexpensive integrated detection units. In addition, the magnetic beads can be used as carriers for biomolecules. They can be mani...

Small magnetic sensors are widely used integrated in vehicles, mobile phones, medical devices, etc for navigation, speed, position and angular sensing. These magnetic sensors are potential candidates for space sector applications in which mass, volume and power savings are important issues. This work covers the magnetic technologies available in the marketplace and the steps towards their imple...