Multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) have been exposed to chemotherapeutic agents in vitro (nitrogen mustard) or in vivo (cyclophosphamide) and analyzed in vitro in terms of altered growth patterns. Whether the MTS were exposed in vitro or in vivo, the major effect of the drugs was to induce a dose-dependent lag period before the normal MTS growth rate resumed. Exposure of MTS in the peritoneal ...

Melanosomal membrane proteins are frequently recognized by the immune system of patients with melanoma and vitiligo. Melanosomal glycoproteins are transported to melanosomes by a dileucine-based melanosomal transport signal (MTS). To investigate whether this sorting signal could be involved in presentation of melanosome membrane proteins to the immune system, we devised a fusion construct conta...

Based on the reasoning expressed by Mahalanobis in his original article, the present article extends the Mahalanobis distance beyond the set of normal distributions. Sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness are studied, and some properties derived. Since many statistical methods use the Mahalanobis distance as e vehicle, e.g. the method of least squares and the chi-square hypothesis t...

It is a critical question for environmental governance to examine whether the administrative award and punishment measures are effective in promoting environmental governance performance. Choosing the implementation of a mandatory target system (MTS) as the subject, this paper employs a fixed-effect panel data model and regression discontinuity design to test whether the MTS has improved the en...

1. In poultry investigations, the main interest is often to study the effects of many factors simultaneously. Two or three level factorial designs are the most commonly used for this type of investigation. However, it is often too costly to perform when number of factors increase. So a fractional factorial design, which is a subset or a fraction of a full factorial design, is an alternative. Th...

An improved immune algorithm, named the Taguchi-immune algorithm (TIA), is proposed to solve global numerical optimization problems with continuous variables based on both the features of a biological immune system and the systematic reasoning ability of the Taguchi method. In the TIA, the clonal proliferation within hypermutation for several antibody diversifications and the recombination by u...

This article presents a machine learning based time-series classification method for using synchrophasor measurements to locate the source of forced oscillation (FO) fast disturbance removal. First, multivariate time series (MTS) matrices are constructed by most informative selected sequential feature selection from each power plant. Then, Mahalanobis matrix is trained such that distance betwee...

In suspension-cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells, we have often encountered cold-stable microtubules (MTs). The cold-stable MTs were found in the pelleted fraction of tobacco cell homogenates. These cold-stable MTs were shown to be accompanied by unidentified filamentous structures that extended along part of their length. However, during the early hours in culture such cold-stable MTs ...

This paper presents the solution of economic power dispatch (EPD) through the application of genetic algorithm (GA) and the taguchi method. The economic power dispatch is a non-linear optimisation problem with several constraints. The objective of the proposed genetic algorithm combined taguchi method is to choose the most efficient combination of Pc (crossover probability), Pm (mutation probab...