BACKGROUND Defects of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) have long been implicated in generation of oxidative stress and risk susceptibility to various cancers. Two functional polymorphisms within the MnSOD gene, including the Val-9Ala of the mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) and the Ile58Thr of the exon-3, have been proposed to reduce its enzyme activity and antioxidant potential. M...

1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of laying hens for an excessive L-valine (L-val) supply on laying performance, egg quality, serum free amino acids, immune function and antioxidant enzyme activities of laying hens. 2. A total of 720 HyLine Brown hens were allocated to 5 dietary treatment groups, each of which included 6 replicates of 24 hens, from 40 to 47 weeks of age. Gr...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress plays an important pathogenic role in hereditary hemochromatosis (HHC) and chronic hepatitis C virus infection (CHC). Several enzymes involved in the degradation of reactive oxidants and xenobiotics, such as glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), reveal polymorphisms that affect their antioxidant capacity and may therefore mo...

The conformational analysis of peptides containing a single a,a-di-n-propylglycine (Dpg) residue incorporated into valine-rich sequences has been undertaken in order to delineate the possible role of sequence effects in stabilizing fully extended (C5) or local helical conformations at this residue. The three peptides Boc–Val–Dpg–Val–OMe (3), Boc–Val–Val–Dpg–Val–OMe (4), Boc–Val–Val–Dpg–Val–Val–...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The substitution of valine by methionine in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF Val/Met) gene alters the intracellular trafficking and regulated secretion of BDNF. This study tested whether the BDNF Val/Met polymorphism is associated with bipolar disorder in Korean subjects, and whether clinical features vary according to genotype. METHODS The allelic and genotypic dis...

The Val66Met polymorphism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with psychiatric disorders and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in adults. However, the relationship between BDNF and rGMV in children has not been clarified. In this 3-year cross-sectional/longitudinal (2 time points) study, we investigated the effects of BDNF genotypes on rGMV in 185 healthy Japanese childre...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been linked to the progression of disease, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study was to determine the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase and their activities and the progression of CKD. METHODS This is a prospe...

The reported effects of the glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) on male factor infertility have been inconsistent and even contradictory. Here, we conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between functionally important polymorphisms in GST genes and idiopathic male infertility. The study group consisted of 361 men with idiopathic azoospermia, 11...

Studies delineating the dietary Val needs of modern commercial broilers are sparse. Three studies were conducted to determine the dietary Val nutrient needs of Ross x Ross 308 male broilers. Three time periods were evaluated independently, 0 to 14 d (starter), 14 to 28 d (grower), and 28 to 42 d (finisher) of age. Corn- and peanut meal-based diets for each feeding phase served to titrate the Va...

Effect of proportion of three branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine:BCAA) for nitrogen utilization was studied in vivo by an intragastric administration of 15N-L-leucine to control rats and liver-injured rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4-rats). Following the administration of isonitrogenous dose of three amino acid solutions [Standard (15N-L-leucine, L-valine, L...