Several factors contribute to organ dysfunction in septic shock patients, and once the inflammatory response has been activated, many organ systems can be adversely affected. A marked fall in systemic vascular resistance results from arterial and venous dilatation. This is accompanied by leakage of plasma into the extravascular space, leading to relative hypovolemia. The microcirculation is adv...

Differentiating between complicating consequences of HIV infection and toxicities of drugs used in the management of HIV infection is challenging. However, the experience gained with combination antiretroviral (ARV) drugs has led to the recognition of several distinct adverse drug events. These include: • mitochondrial dysfunction (including lactic acidosis, hepatic toxicity, pancreatitis, and ...

Medical schools in the United States serve many functions, but one of their most basic purposes is to educate physicians to care for the national population. During the latter half of the 20th century, with federal and state support, medical education expanded to meet population needs (1). However, 3 specific interrelated issues challenged medical educators and policymakers: an insufficient num...

Several factors contribute to organ dysfunction in septic shock patients, and once the inflammatory response has been activated, many organ systems can be adversely affected. A marked fall in systemic vascular resistance results from arterial and venous dilatation. This is accompanied by leakage of plasma into the extravascular space, leading to relative hypovolemia. The microcirculation is adv...

Considerable interest has been shown in recent years in the relative distributions of alveolar blood and gas flows under various conditions. During thoracic surgical procedures in the lateral position, with one hemithorax open and with controlled ventilation of the lungs, a severe degree of maldistribution of blood and gas may be expected. The upper lung may be freely expanded, retracted by the...

Purpose: A growing need for oral health care is challenged by the maldistribution of oral health providers and lack of opportunity to access oral health care in the current system among underserved populations. Emerging workforce models, such as dental therapists, is one option for improving oral health equity and promoting access across racial/ethnic and socio-demographic groups while addressi...

In packed columns, the detrimental effects of maldistribution of liquid and gas flows on mass transfer are treated – besides a good initial distribution – by a multiple intermediate redistribution of liquid at the expense of additional height of column. These redistribution sections are not very effective since they do not directly contribute to mass transfer. Therefore, a novel packing element...