In Pakistan, male infertility constitutes about 35% of all cases of infertility. The dysfunction can be at the level of the central nervous system or somewhere in the male genital tract. A study was conducted to screen cases of male infertility using various biochemical parameters. A total of 81 cases were screened. Oligospermia was seen in 13 (16%) patients. They were divided into severe and m...

BACKGROUND Transmitted drug-resistant HIV slowly reverts in the blood to drug-sensitive virus. The environment of the male genital tract (MGT) may result in even slower rates of reversion to drug susceptibility. METHODS We measured the decay of resistance in longitudinally collected blood and semen samples from 5 individuals newly infected with HIV containing resistance mutations to nonnucleo...

The development of the male reproductive tract is dependent upon androgens and mesenchymal-epithelial interactions. Androgens masculinise the reproductive tract during the latter third of gestation, and are required for the formation of the male sex accessory organs including the prostate and seminal vesicle (Cunha et al., 1987). Studies using tissue recombination have shown that androgen recep...

As demonstrated in past studies, androgens appear to play critical roles in regulating reproduction in male sharks. However, little is known about the cell-specific actions of androgens in these fishes. To address this, this study examined androgen targets in reproductive organs of a seasonally reproducing shark, the bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo). A partial bonnethead AR cDNA clone was isolated a...

Figure 1. Aspects of Marchantia biology. (A) Vegetative haploid life form (thallus) in laboratory culture. (B) Female reproductive organs (archegoniophores) in the shape of palm trees growing from the haploid thallus of a female plant. (C) Male reproductive organs (antheridiophores) in the shape of umbrellas growing from the haploid thallus of a male plant. (D) Scanning electron micrograph of t...

Nesfatin-1, an anorexic nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2)-derived hypothalamic peptide, controls appetite and energy metabolism. Recent studies show that nesfatin-1/NUCB2 is expressed not only in the brain but also in gastric and adipose tissues. Thus, we investigated the distributions of nesfatin-1/NUCB2 in various tissues of male and female mice by real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemica...

Caesalpinia ferrea Mart (Leguminosae) is a medicinal plant used to treat diabetes, among other therapeutic properties, but which is also reported to have hepatotoxic effects. Although it contains substances such as flavonoids and coumarin, which are known to have antifertility activity, no studies have apparently been conducted to evaluate the potential adverse side effects of this plant on the...