the purpose of this paper is to study how the characteristics of successful managers are somehow related to their programme in co-operatives. the study shows there is a significant relationship between managers' characteristics such as innovation, authority and leadership, with managerial skills, self confidence and degree of success. however, there is no correlation between intelligence, ...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 introduction: organizations planned in-service trainings for updating of personnel’s information. icdl (international computer driving license) is one of the most important trainings. the purpose of this research is evaluation the some aspects of icdl in-service trainings from the viewpoints of administrators and personnel...

The nonlinear relationship between corporate value (Tobin's Q) and managerial ownership is well documented. This has commonly been attributed to the onset of managerial entrenchment, which results in a decrease of corporate value for increasing levels of managerial holdings. We propose a more complex structure for the corporate value { managerial ownership function, which accounts for the e®ect...