نتایج جستجو برای: marine ecosystem
تعداد نتایج: 167762 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Competition between marine mammals and fisheries for marine resources-whether real or perceived-has become a major issue for several countries and in international fora. We examined trophic interactions between marine mammals and fisheries based on a resource overlap index, using seven Ecopath models including marine mammal groups. On a global scale, most food consumed by marine mammals consist...
World population growth and requirement to global food security, application of genetic engineering and utilization of transgenic organisms have made more important. Using this technology, without regarding to its risks, can cause loses to environment. To generate transgenic organisms, selection systems are applied that cause to selective growth of transformed cells. Antibiotic resistance genes...
Although TEX is a reliable, high-quality and well-understood tool for authors writing their conference and journal articles, editors and typesetters face a much more difficult task when they want to compose articles for actual journal publication or preprints. We present organisational and software solutions for problems editors of journals and proceedings might face. As case studies we present...
Sound patterns of vowel harmony reduce articulatory effort which facilitates speech production with increased speech rate and accuracy. We argue that back harmony patterns reduce articulatory effort compared to height harmony and non-harmony patterns and harmony patterns formed from front unrounded (FU) vowels reduce articulatory effort compared to those of front rounded (FR)vowels. We report o...
Oceans and seas represent over 70% of the earth’s surface. Furthermore, living aquaticresources can provide a significant contribution to food, energy, and biobased products. However, marine ecosystems are subject to increasing pressures and competing usages, resulting from resources over-exploitation and pollution. In order to produce efficient marine management plans, it is essential to consi...
As a way of turning sea into land for living space for humans, the actions of sea reclamation bring about significant benefits. Nevertheless, it is also an under-recognized threat to the environment and the marine ecosystem. Based on images in two periods, sea reclamation information of countries around the South China Sea was extracted from 1975 to 2010. The spatial state and driven forces of ...
The widespread use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in a variety of technologies and consumer products inevitably causes their release into aquatic environments and final deposition into the oceans. In addition, a growing number of ENM products are being developed specifically for marine applications, such as antifouling coatings and environmental remediation systems, thus increasing the need...
Awareness of the marine area is very important for crisis management in the event of an accident. Oil spills are one of the main threats to the marine and coastal environments and seriously affect the marine ecosystem and cause political and environmental concerns because it seriously affects the fragile marine and coastal ecosystem. The rate of discharge of pollutants and its related effects o...
A central challenge for natural resource management is developing rigorous yet practical approaches for balancing the costs and benefits of diverse human uses of ecosystems. Economic theory has a long history of evaluating tradeoffs in returns from different assets to identify optimal investment strategies. There has been recent progress applying this framework to the delivery of ecosystem serv...
Conservation and environmental management are principal countermeasures to the degradation of marine ecosystems and their services. However, in many cases, current practices are insufficient to reverse ecosystem declines. We suggest that restoration ecology, the science underlying the concepts and tools needed to restore ecosystems, must be recognized as an integral element for marine conservat...
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