Background. In patients with stable angina pectoris aminophylline, a nonselective antagonist of adenosine receptors, markedly improves exercise capacity. To establish the role played by A, adenosine receptors in the anti-ischemic action of aminophylline, the effects of bamiphylline, a selective A, antagonist, on exercise-induced ischemia were investigated in patients with stable angina pectoris...

Teenage pregnancy is a significant public health issue. Worldwide, some 15 million pregnancies occur every year among young women aged 15 to 19, approximately 1.25 million in the 28 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) nations, and between 750.000 and 850.000 in the United States. As is well known, an estimated fifth of pregnancies World Wide ended in abortion. In Europe...

The mechanism by which isoproterenol (ISO) prevents the prolongation of action potential duration (APD) and refractory period (RP) by the class III antiarrhythmic agent E-4031 was studied. E-4031 (1 ,uM) increased RP by 501% with no effect on contractile force in papillary muscles isolated from guinea pig heart. ISO (1 ,uM) increased force of contraction more than fivefold and decreased RP by 2...

Histamine (one of the key mediators released from mast cells and basophils), plays a major role in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, including rhinitis, urticaria, asthma and anaphylaxis. Histamine exerts its effects through its interaction with one of four distinct receptors (H1, H2, H3, H4). In allergic disease, it is the H1 antihistamines which are of primary benefit, although H2 ant...

Research has reported massage is beneficial on cellular (increasing the number of mitochondrias, inducing cell signaling and transduction), physiological (blood flow and blood-borne substance), neurological (investigated by H-reflex) and psychological (investigated by questionnaire and psycho physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood massage (pressure mechanisms). The mechanical mechan...

The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase which catalyzes the phosphorylation of ribosome-associated protein Pl and the a subunit of eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) was purified and characterized from mouse fibroblast L929 cells treated with either natural or recombinant interferon and from untreated cells. The dsRNA-dependent Pl/eIF-2a kinase was purifie...

The parasites of genus Leishmania are the causative agents of one of the most widespread and devastating diseases. According to follow-up data, these medications may provoke adverse drug reactions, drug resistance, relapse as well as financial burden. The mechanism of action of opioid drugs are primarily exerted via transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors. One of the potent synthetic immunomo...

hypoglycemic agent along with metformin. Although the management of diabetes was attempted by the “experts” of the Pharaoah of Egypt 3500 years ago and by Shushruta, the modern times efforts began only in the in the early 1900. In the year 1937, hypoglycemic activity of sulfur compounds was noted, and five years later, Michel Janbon noted hypoglycemia while using antibiotic para amino sulfonami...