Al -e- Muhtaj were one of the local rulers of Chaghanian region in upper part of the Oxus (Amu Darya) that had autonomy concurrent with period of Amir Ismaʽil Samani (279-295 AH) in their dominated area, i.e. parts of  Khorasan and Rey. This local dynasty as puppet of Samanids, had effective role in political and military power of that state. Honesty and courage of emirs of this clan, including...

The causes and results of Sultan Mohammad Khodabandehchr('39')s Shiism have reflected widely in historical sources of the Eastern Islamic world, especially in Iranian sources. Ibn Rizwan Maleqi (Died 782 AH) and Ibn Azraq Gharnati (Died 896 AH), two prominent Andalusian policymakers in Islamic western world, acquainted with this story through Travelogue of Ibn Battuta. These two have considered...

The Transoxiana area in the northeastern part of Khorasan was part of the realm of the Islamic world, which its inhabitants gradually embraced Islam in the first century AH. Subsequently, religious approaches influenced most of the political developments in the region so that politicians and religious service providers considered themselves responsible for religious practices. In the thirteenth...

Iranian political thought was transformed in the Seljuq period. In this transformation, political power and administration of social affairs promoted the monarchy as a non – rival concept to the sphere of politics. In the plurality of causes and multiplication of contributions involved in this process, political writers, who rather than thinking, were also involved in stabilization of this patt...