■ EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER Stimulant medication therapy is the most effective treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, producing significant improvements in symptoms and modest improvements in academic achievement (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on multiple randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Nonpharmacologic therapies, such as behavior therapy, scho...

Using an electronic inhaler timer device (Nebulizer Chronolog), compliance with the prescribed frequency of inhaled prophylactic medication in 14 asthmatic children was measured. Underuse occurred in 55% of study days while overuse occurred in only 2%. Such devices provide an important new tool for investigating inhaled drug compliance.

BACKGROUND Despite hints about the high incidence of pain patients misreporting their pain medication use, there are only a few non-controlled studies on the topic that focus solely on opioids. OBJECTIVE Using toxicological analyses in a cross-sectional study, we investigated patients' reliability regarding their report of any current pain medication use. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional stud...

Compliance with asthma medication is recognised to be a problem. Acquisition of medication is the first step towards compliance. Factors predicting poor collection of prophylactic medication were investigated. A case/control study was conducted. Cases were children who had had at least two consultations for poorly controlled asthma in 1 yr and collected prescriptions of prophylactic medication ...

UNLABELLED Little is known about whether patients with chronic pain treated with opioids experience craving for their medications, whether contextual cues may influence craving, or if there is a relationship between craving and medication compliance. We hypothesized that craving for prescription opioids would be significantly correlated with the urge for more medication, preoccupation with the ...

BACKGROUND Adverse drug reactions and non-compliance are important causes of admissions in the elderly to medical clinics. The contribution of adverse drug reactions and non-compliance to admission by the medical emergency department was analysed. METHODS A total of 578 consecutive elderly patients admitted to the medical emergency department were interviewed to determine the percentage of ad...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between tear film and meibomian gland parameters in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG), who underwent topical prostaglandin analog (PGA) monotherapy, and medication compliance. METHODS Ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer's test, tear film break-up time (TBUT), keratoepitheliopathy (KEP) score with fluorescein,...

Several prophylactic medications for opportunistic or recurrent infections are used in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. Essential to the efficacy evaluation of these agents is the accurate reporting of medication compliance. We hypothesized that poor patient compliance with thrice-weekly fluconazole prophylaxis would correlate with the occurrence of clinical events. Fluconazol...

Noncompliance affects all age groups, but older patients have specific barriers against effective medication use and can be more vulnerable to the incorrect use of medication. Some age-related barriers are vision loss and cognitive impairment. In people aged 60 years or older, noncompliance with medication regimens varies from 26-59%. In this article we review randomised controlled trials (RCTs...

OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) to estimate medication compliance in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. SUBJECTS AND SETTING Fourteen of 35 consecutive patients admitted to a psychiatric inpatient hospital with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who met eligibility requirements and gave informed consent...