An analytical model of a spreader-stoker wood waste fired boiler has been developed for pre­ dicting the size of the largest particle which can be entrained by the upward motion of the furnace gases. This model is based on an entrainment model which equates particle in-situ settling velocity to furnace gas velocity and uses a stirred reactor mod­ el to evaluate furnace conditions. The effects o...

The paper presents the results of evaluation of the metallurgical quality of master heat ingots and of the identification of non-metallic inclusions (oxides of Al., Zr, Hf, Cr, etc.), which have been found in the shrinkage cavities formed in these ingots. The inclusions penetrate into the liquid alloy, and on pouring of mould are transferred to the casting, especially when the filtering system ...

The blast-furnace process consists of a large number of processes that are physicochemical, thermal and mechanical interconnected processes. In addition to main processes consisting of iron oxides reduction, pig iron and slag melt creation, also realised are fuel combustion, gas flow, charge and melt flow, dissociation and other reactions in the solid and liquid phases. Inputs to the blast-furn...

Metallurgical slag, including ferrochrome slag is internationally recognized as suitable material for use in road construction and as aggregate for concrete (Rossouw et al. 1981, Lind et al. 2001). Contrary to international practice, metallurgical slag – including ferrochrome slagis classified as hazardous waste that must be de-listed before use in other applications (DWAF 1998). Having adopted...

Abstract Effective recycling of zinc-containing industrial wastes, most importantly electric arc furnace dust, is tremendous importance for the circular economy steel and zinc industry. Herein, we propose a comprehensive kinetic model combined carbothermic metallothermic reduction oxide in metal bath process. Pyro-metallurgical, large-scale lab experiments carbon-saturated iron melt as agent mo...

In the iron and steel industry, improving usage amount of New Zealand sea sand ore as a raw material for ironmaking can reduce production costs enterprises to certain extent. this paper, without any grinding pretreatment was used material, oxidized pellets were prepared by using disc pelletizer, effect on performance green metallurgical properties investigated. The effects compressive strength,...

The present work investigates the manufacture of high basicity (CaO/SiO2 = 1.45) magnesium containing fluxed pellets with hydrated lime used as binder and fluxing agent. fired lump ores could constitute a binary burden for blast furnace lower carbon emission. Both green possessed good physical chemical properties, its metallurgical performances were better than in which bentonite limestone agen...

In this study, complex processes in a typical Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) such as combustion, radiation, heat, and mass transfer were solved the optimum injector location was found using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The main aim of injection optimization to improve thermal performance metallurgical process by changing angle, central angle (CAI), length. Fifteen parametric cases predicted ...

M. Szega, W. Stanek Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland L. Blacha Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, Poland The reduction of energy consumption in the blast furnace is still the subject of investigations using mathematical modelling of a blast furnace plant. Theoretical-empirical hybrid models of a blast furnace and its equipment have been presented. This model is built...