Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is very rare entity and when encountered it is found in association with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. We report a very unusual association of an invasive lobular carcinoma with metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of the breast which was found not only in a mastectomy specimen but also in the axillary lymph nodes. The patient reported first...

Shh (Sonic Hedgehog) is a morphogen involved in gastric fundic gland differentiation in the adult. Shh expression is reduced in Helicobacter pylori-associated intestinal metaplastic change of the gastric epithelium and mice that lack Shh show intestinal transformation of the gastric mucosa. Similarly, in the stomach of Cdx2 (caudal-type homeobox 2)-transgenic mice, the gastric mucosa is replace...

INTRODUCTION C ASES OF CARCINOMA ARISING IN A SOLitary congenital lung cyst are exceedingly rare if malignancies arising in lungs with chronic cystic lung disease are not considered. Womack and Graham1 first suggested the possibility of this latter coexistence in 1941 when they reported finding metaplastic masses of poorly differentiated epithelial cells lining some cysts in one-third of their ...

Myofibroblastoma (MFB) is a rare mesenchymal tumour, derived from mammary stromal fibro-myofibroblasts, with diverse biological and morphological behaviour. Large and cellular myofibroblastomas, especially those with epitheliod like cells, can mimic various spindle cell lesions and metaplastic carcinomas, thus posing diagnostic challenge. A 50-year woman presented with slow growing, painless lu...

Small nodules are commonly seen in the rectal mucosa during sigmoidoscopy of patients over 40 years of age and are often noted in rectums excised for carcinoma. There is little information in the literature on the pathology of these small nodules. There is evidence that there are various histological types which are possibly of different clinical significance. This problem has been studied usin...

Carcinosarcoma of the breast, often referred to as metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, is a rare malignancy with two distinct cell lines described as a breast carcinoma of ductal type with a sarcoma-like component. Clinically, carcinosarcoma of the breast is an aggressive breast cancer. The prognosis for carcinosarcoma of the breast is less favorable compared to more common types of breast can...

A case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from a solitary benign nonparasitic hepatic cyst (SBNHC) causing bile duct obstruction is presented. A review of the literature regarding SBNHC suggests that, although these lesions may appear benign, they may also undergo metaplastic and subsequent malignant transformation. This appears to be particularly true when the SBNHC is lined with squamous epit...

BACKGROUND Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is the third most common form of adult renal epithelial neoplasm. A sarcomatoid component occurs in approximately 8% of all chromophobe renal cell carcinoma cases, while metaplastic bone formation is extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a hypovascular tumor with focal calcification, measuring 2.5 × 2.3 cm,...