An immediate consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the induction of an inflammatory response. Mounting data suggest that inflammation is a major contributor to TBI-induced brain damage. However, much remains unknown regarding the induction and regulation of the inflammatory response to TBI. In this study we compared the TBI-induced inflammatory response to severe parenchymal injury (co...

IMPORTANCE Epidemiologic evidence regarding the importance of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a risk factor for dementia is conflicting. Few previous studies have used patients with non-TBI trauma (NTT) as controls to investigate the influence of age and TBI severity. OBJECTIVE To quantify the risk of dementia among adults with recent TBI compared with adults with NTT. DESIGN, SETTING, AND ...

OBJECTIVE The impact of mild head injury or mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is variable, and determinants of outcome remain poorly understood. There have been no previous attempts to evaluate the impact of interventions to improve outcome. Results of previous intervention studies in adults have been mixed. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of providing information on outcome...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The corpus callosum is an important predilection site for traumatic axonal injury but may be unevenly affected in head trauma. We hypothesized that there were local differences in axonal injury within the corpus callosum as investigated with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), varying among patients with differing severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIALS AND METH...

This clinical policy provides evidence-based recommendations on select issues in the management of adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute setting. It is the result of joint efforts between the American College of Emergency Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and was developed by a multidisciplinary panel. The critical questions addressed in ...

BACKGROUND It is now recognized that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can occur following road traffic accidents, but controversy exists about the possibility of PTSD in people sustaining traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present investigation examined the frequency, course and comorbidity of PTSD in children with and without mild TBI after traffic accidents. METHOD Interviews were condu...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate and describe the sleep quality in seven subscales among the patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and compare it with normal patterns. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted within a 6-month period from February to August 2014 in Shahid Rajaei trauma center of Shiraz. Participants were selected randomly from all adult (18-60 years of age) patients adm...

A significant proportion of military personnel deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) has been exposed to war-zone events potentially associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There has been significant controversy regarding healthcare policy for those service members and military veterans who return...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Motivation has an important influence on neuropsychological test performances. This study examined effort on the Word Memory Test (WMT) in groups with differing external incentives. RESEARCH DESIGN 774 adults with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), tested as part of a Workers' Compensation, disability or personal injury claim stood to gain financially by appearing impaired on tes...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) on multisensory integration in relation to general neurocognitive functioning. METHOD Children with a hospital admission for TBI aged between 6 and 13 years (n = 94) were compared with children with trauma control (TC) injuries (n = 39), while differentiating between mild TBI without risk factors for complicated TBI...