Protein supplements (PSs) are, after multivitamins, the most frequently consumed dietary supplement by U.S. military personnel. Warfighters believe that PSs will improve health, promote muscle strength, and enhance physical performance. The estimated prevalence of regular PS use by military personnel is nearly 20% or more in active-duty personnel, which is comparable to collegiate athletes and ...

This article presents on trends in military spending, building the most recent expenditure data by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). World spending grew for eighth consecutive year 2022, up 3.7 per cent to an all-time high of $2240 billion. The increase world 2022 was largely due three factors: Russia’s invasion Ukraine; Central and Western Europe countries as a reaction...

[In this paper, Kenneth Arrow provides a general framework for analysis by economists of the forces lying behind the deescalation and escalation of military expenditures. On the basis of his long experience and leadership in the development of economic theory, he addresses the question: what are the ways suggested by such theory for estimating the economic effects of a major reduction of curren...