land use optimization is one of the suitable methods for soil conservation. the present research with objective of land use optimization for soil erosion minimization and pure income maximization was conducted in the part of taleghan watershed which comprises 80427.23 ha in area. to achieve this propose, area, erosion rate and net income value of each land uses according to requiring standards ...

BACKGROUND Switching primary/secondary immunodeficiency (PID/SID) patients from intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) to home-based subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIg) therapy reduces nurse time. A nurse shortage in Canada provides an important context to estimate the net economic benefit, the number of patients needed to switch to SCIg to recoup one full-time equivalent (FTE), and potential populat...

Power consumption can be greatly minimized by reducing the bus signal transition activity (also called switching activity) in the control and data path circuit. Switching activity occurs due to the switching between two instructions (of the embedded software) on successive clock cycles. Our belief is that the binary encoding of instructions (machine code) plays a significant role in determining...

This paper presents large capacity switching systems for a local network using the broadcast-and-select (B&S) architecture. The B&S switching system, based on optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM), can provide several hundreds of Gbit/s by using a nonlinear optical switch as the timechannel selector. Moreover, the combination of OTDM and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) can realize th...

NURBS surfaces are among the most commonly used parametric surfaces in CAGD and Computer Graphics. This paper investigates shape modi®cation of NURBS surfaces with geometric constraints, such as point, normal vector, and curve constraints. Two new methods are presented by constrained optimization and energy minimization. The former is based on minimizing changes in control net of surfaces, wher...

This paper proposes two new soft-switching transformerless converters with high voltage conversion ratio. These proposed converters achieve soft-switching each with a single auxiliary resonant cell. The merit of these converters is reduced switching losses with lesser number of devices. The main switching devices are turned off with zero current switching (ZCS). Apart from the soft-switching fe...

The Topological Active Net (TAN) model is a deformable model used for image segmentation. It integrates features of region–based and edge–based segmentation techniques. This way, the model is able to fit the edges of the objects and model their inner topology. The model consists of a two dimensional mesh controlled by energy functions. The minimization of these energy functions leads to the TAN...

This paper describes several new image understanding methods based on parallel operation. There are several constraint satisfaction approaches using a energy minimization. We show how we reconstruct three dimensional surfaces from contours without elevation data and sparse points of known elevation data by using this approach. We also introduce Active Net using this approach and apply this mode...