We report on mirrorless continuous wave laser oscillation at 1064 nm from a 808 nm pumped Nd:YAG optical channel waveguide fabricated by 1 MeV focused proton beam writing. Pump power threshold has been found to be 94 mW with a laser slope efficiency of 40%. A maximum output power at 1064 nm for the waveguide laser is 63 mW at absorbed pump power of 247 mW.

The changes in ATP and PPi contents in roots under NaCl stress, and the effect of PPi on tonoplast H(+)-ATPase activity were studied with two barley cultivars differing in salt tolerance. The results showed that tonoplast H(+)-ATPase activity in salt-tolerant barley cultivar "Tanyin 2" roots increased obviously under NaCl 200 mmol/L (containing half-strength Hoagland solution) for 2 d, and decr...

Fig 1: Comparison of the depth dose profiles of proton and photon beams. The photon dose falls off exponentially with depth (green curve). A mono-energetic proton beam is characteriled by the presence of the Bragg peak in the region where the protons stop (red profile). Through the superposition (blue curve) of many proton beams of different residual range it is possible to deposit a homogenous...

Dislocation of polypeptides from the mitochondrial outer membrane by the p97/Cdc48-Ufd1-Npl4 adenosine triphosphatase complex is essential for mitochondria-associated degradation and Parkin-mediated mitophagy. In this issue, Wu et al. (2016.J. Cell Biol.http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201510098) identify Doa1 as a pivotal adaptor that recruits substrates to Cdc48 for processing.

It is well established that acidification within the collecting duct system is effected by means of a sodium-independent, electrogenic proton translocating ATPase [11. This proton pump belongs to a new class of proton pumps, termed vacuolar, which encompasses a group of very closely related enzymes that are widespread in distribution. Indeed, the vast majority of enzymatic activity relevant to ...

The local anesthetic dibucaine inhibited respiration-dependent contraction mediated by the K(+)/H(+) antiport system of isolated corn mitochondria. Respiration declined concurrently. Nigericin, an exogenous K(+)/H(+) exchanger, restored ion efflux in dibucaine-blocked corn mitochondria. It was concluded that dibucaine inhibited ion efflux via blockage of the K(+)/H(+) antiport. Further experime...

One striking feature of the biology of trypanosomes is the changes in mitochondrial structure and function that occur as these parasites transition from one life cycle stage to another. Our laboratory has been interested in the role the mitochondrial ATP synthase plays in mitochondrial changes through the life cycle. Analysis of the recently completed T. brucei genome suggested that there may b...

We report a new nuclear gene, designated ATP25 (reading frame YMR098C on chromosome XIII), required for expression of Atp9p (subunit 9) of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial proton translocating ATPase. Mutations in ATP25 elicit a deficit of ATP9 mRNA and of its translation product, thereby preventing assembly of functional F(0). Unlike Atp9p, the other mitochondrial gene products, incl...

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fibers are single-celled trichomes that synchronously undergo a phase of rapid cell expansion, then a phase including secondary cell wall deposition, and finally maturation. To determine if there is coordinated regulation of gene expression during fiber expansion, we analyzed the expression of components involved in turgor regulation and a cytoskeletal protein by ...