Using the concept of leaky modes, we derive the minimum length of a single-mode fiber required to act as a spatial-mode filter of given quality. The degree of filter action is defined by the ratio of power carried by the fundamental mode to that carried by the leaky modes.

In this paper we present a multiple-species electrokinetic instability sMSEKId model. We consider a high aspect ratio flow geometry, a base state where the conductivity gradient is orthogonal to the applied electric field si.e., a spanwise gradient configurationd, and a four-species chemistry model. A linear stability analysis sLSAd of the depth-averaged governing equations is shown to have uns...

The button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, is a commercially important cultivated filamentous fungus. During the last decade, the button mushroom industry has depended mainly on two strains (or derivatives of these two strains). Using one of these highly successful strains (strain U1) we examined the phenomenon of strain instability, specifically, the production of irreversible sectors. Three "str...

Conspicuous asymmetries in forms that are polymorphic within a species can be genetically or environmentally determined. Here, we present a genetic analysis of the inheritance of dimorphic enantiostyly, a sexual polymorphism in which all flowers on a plant have styles that are consistently deflected either to the left or the right side of the floral axis. Using Heteranthera multiflora (Ponteder...

In the present work the change in natural frequencies, damping and mode shapes of a prefabricated timber floor element have been investigated when it was integrated into a building structure. The timber floor element was first subjected to modal testing in laboratory with ungrounded and simply supported boundary conditions, and then in situ at different stages of building construction. The firs...

Quadrupole mass spectrometers are highly sensitive mass spectrometers with a large dynamic measuring range. They come in a compact, robust design and are relatively simple to use and maintain. Moreover, they are also fairly inexpensive. Therefore, when it comes to the online determination of the isotope abundance of light elements from isotopically enriched samples using a continuous flow mode ...

As has been proven, increase of mechanical strain could result in an increase of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the blood stream of implanted patient pacemakers. We measured the BNP concentration in blood due to different mode and lead implantation location of pacemaker in the time period of 3 months. The aim of this study was to investigate the changing trend of BNP level after pacemaker i...

the current study presents a new analytical method for buckling analysis of rectangular and annular beams made up of functionally graded materials with constant thickness and poisson’s ratio. the boundary conditions of the beam are assumed to be simply supported and clamped. the stability equations were obtained by using conservation of energy. the critical buckling load and first mode shape we...

the current study presents a new analytical method for buckling analysis of circular plates with constant thickness and poisson’s ratio, made of functionally graded material subjected to radial load. governing equations are based on energy method for thin plates. the boundary conditions of the plate are assumed to be simply supported and clamped. the stability equations were obtained by using c...

Models of sex-ratio evolution in structured populations are derived with G.R. Price's covariance form for the hierarchical analysis of natural selection (1970, Nature 227, 520-521). Previous work on competition among related males for mates (local mate competition), competition among related females for a limiting resource (local resource competition), inbreeding, group selection, and asymmetry...