High cost and high power consumption of underwater acoustic modem have limited the applications and researches of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN). This paper presents a node architecture and its low-cost realization to deal with such problems as high cost, high power consumption, large volume, and relative localization in a dense UWSN. Some fundamental functions like short range unde...

The well-known challenges in using the ionospheric skywave channel for data communications have been increasingly well-addressed by recent generations of HF data modems and link protocols. However, the means used to cope with the skywave channel present unusual challenges to Internet-style networkand application-layer protocols, which have been designed with reliable, high-bandwidth channels in...

There is a familiar rhetorical template around which mle of law papers are framed. It involves a dizzying number of legal scholars, both ancient and modem, who remind us of the subject's gravity and intellectual pedigree. Although we may disagree over precisely what defining the concept entails, the contours of the conceptual debate are clearly demarcated, and in any sense, the mle of law is no...